ReviewChest2013
Risk stratification of hospitalized patients on the wards.
Review in Chest, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Applications of the Early Warning Score as an outcome measure: a systematic review of methodologies.BMJ health & care informatics · 2026Pooled it
- Application of Machine Learning for Patients With Cardiac Arrest: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Pooled it
- Early warning scores for detecting deterioration in adult hospital patients: systematic review and critical appraisal of methodology.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2020Pooled it
- Development and validation of early warning score system: A systematic literature review.Journal of biomedical informatics · 2020Pooled it
- The effectiveness of physiologically based early warning or track and trigger systems after triage in adult patients presenting to emergency departments: a systematic review.BMC emergency medicine · 2017Pooled it
- Continuous Monitoring of Vital Signs in the General Ward Using Wearable Devices: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2020Trial
- Scaling Wireless Continuous Vital Sign Monitoring Across an 8-Hospital Health System: Digital Health Implementation Report.JMIR medical informatics · 2026Article
- Pediatric Early Warning System (PEWS) Association with ICU Mortality in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Cohort Study from Kazakhstan.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Development and Validation of a NEWS2-Enhanced Multivariable Prediction Model for Clinical Deterioration and In-Hospital Mortality in Hospitalized Adults.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Multicenter Development and Prospective Validation of eCARTv5: A Gradient-Boosted Machine-Learning Early Warning Score.Critical care explorations · 2025Observational
- Deep Learning-Based Electrocardiogram Model (EIANet) to Predict Emergency Department Cardiac Arrest: Development and External Validation Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Machine Learning Models for Predicting in-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Comparative Analysis with Logistic Regression.International journal of general medicine · 2025Article
- Prediction model of in-hospital cardiac arrest using machine learning in the early phase of hospitalization.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2024Article
- Pilot study for the development of an automatically generated and wearable-based early warning system for the detection of deterioration of hospitalized patients of an acute care hospital.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2024Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 Public Health Crisis and a Structured COVID Unit on Physician Behaviors in Code Status Ordering.The American journal of hospice & palliative care · 2024Article
- Risk Prediction Models for Hospital Mortality in General Medical Patients: A Systematic Review.American journal of medicine open · 2023Article
- Deep Learning-Based Early Warning Score for Predicting Clinical Deterioration in General Ward Cancer Patients.Cancers · 2023Article
- Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) Society Consensus Guidelines for Emergency Laparotomy Part 3: Organizational Aspects and General Considerations for Management of the Emergency Laparotomy Patient.World journal of surgery · 2023Review
- Protocol describing a systematic review and mixed methods consensus process to define the deteriorated ward patient.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Modified Early Warning Score vs Cardiac Arrest Risk Triage Score for Prediction of Cardiopulmonary Arrest: A Case-Control Study.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2022Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Patients who suffer adverse events on the wards, such as cardiac arrest and death, often have vital sign abnormalities hours before the event. Early warning scores have been developed with the aim of identifying clinical deterioration early and have been recommended by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. In this review, we discuss recently developed and validated risk scores for use on the general inpatient wards. In addition, we compare newly developed systems with more established risk scores such as the Modified Early Warning Score and the criteria used in the Medical Early Response Intervention and Therapy (MERIT) trial in our database of > 59,000 ward admissions. In general we found the single-parameter systems, such as the MERIT criteria, to have the lowest predictive accuracy for adverse events, whereas the aggregate weighted scoring systems had the highest. The Cardiac Arrest Risk Triage (CART) score was best for predicting cardiac arrest, ICU transfer, and a composite outcome (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC], 0.83, 0.77, and 0.78, respectively), whereas the Standardized Early Warning Score, VitalPAC Early Warning Score, and CART score were similar for predicting mortality (AUC, 0.88). Selection of a risk score for a hospital or health-care system should be guided by available variables, calculation method, and system resources. Once implemented, ensuring high levels of adherence and tying them to specific levels of interventions, such as activation of a rapid response team, are necessary to allow for the greatest potential to improve patient outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.