ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2013
The effect of depression symptoms and social support on black-white differences in health-related quality of life in early pregnancy: the health status in pregnancy (HIP) study.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors influencing the quality of life of pregnant women: a systematic review.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2018Pooled it
- Health Utility Values and Influencing Factors Among Pregnant and Postpartum Women in Rural Yunnan Province, China.International journal of women's health · 2025Article
- Are the effects of stress on antenatal depression mediated by self-esteem and moderated by social support?: a cross-sectional study.Women's health nursing (Seoul, Korea) · 2024Article
- Protocol for a pilot study assessing a virtual mindfulness intervention for postpartum African American women.Brain behavior and immunity integrative · 2024Article
- Contextualizing the experiences of Black pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: 'It's been a lonely ride'.Reproductive health · 2023Article
- Depressive symptoms during the perinatal period by disability status: Findings from the United States Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System.Journal of advanced nursing · 2023Article
- Article
- Investigating the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation and the health of pregnant women.Journal of education and health promotion · 2019Article
- Poor social support as a risk factor for antenatal depressive symptoms among women attending public antennal clinics in Penang, Malaysia.Reproductive health · 2017Article
- Factors Affecting Depression During Pregnancy and the Correlation Between Social Support and Pregnancy Depression.Iranian Red Crescent medical journal · 2015Article
- Symptoms of Depression and Preterm Birth Among Black Women.MCN. The American journal of maternal child nursingArticle
- The Relationship between Psychological Wellbeing and Body Image in Pregnant Women.Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery researchArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLower physical and social functioning in pregnancy has been linked to an increased risk of preterm delivery and low birth weight infants, butt few studies have examined racial differences in pregnant women's perception of their functioning. Even fewer studies have elucidated the demographic and clinical factors contributing to racial differences in functioning. Our objective was to determine whether there are racial differences in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in early pregnancy; and if so, to identify the contributions of socio-demographic characteristics, depression symptoms, social support and clinical factors to these differences.
methodsCross-sectional study of 175 women in early pregnancy attending prenatal clinics in urban setting. In multivariate analysis, we assessed the independent relation of black race (compared to white) to HRQoL scores from the eight domains of the Medical Outcomes (SF-36) SURVEY: Physical Functioning, Role-Physical, Bodily Pain, Vitality, General Health, Social Functioning, Role-Emotional, and Mental Health. We compared socio-demographic and clinical factors and depression symptoms between black and white women and assessed the relative importance of these factors in explaining racial differences in physical and social functioning.
resultsBlack women comprised 59% of the sample; white women comprised 41%. Before adjustment, black women had scores that were 14 points lower in Physical Function and Bodily Pain, 8 points lower in General Health, 4 points lower in Vitality and 7 points lower in Social Functioning. After adjustment for depression symptoms, social support and clinical factors, black women still had HRQoL scores that were 4 to 10 points lower than white women, but the differences were no longer statistically significant. Level of social support and payment source accounted for most of the variation in Physical Functioning, Bodily Pain and General Health. Social support accounted for most of the differences in Vitality and Social Functioning.
conclusionsPayment source and social support accounted for much of the racial differences in physical and social function scores. Efforts to reduce racial differences might focus on improving social support networks and Socio-economic barriers.
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