ArticleMolecular biology and evolution2013
APE-type non-LTR retrotransposons of multicellular organisms encode virus-like 2A oligopeptide sequences, which mediate translational recoding during protein synthesis.
Article in Molecular biology and evolution, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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8 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- High Throughput Characterization of Eukaryotic 2A-Like Peptides Identifies Novel Leucine-Associated Reduction in Protein Abundance.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Molecular architecture and diversity of StopGo/2A translational recoding.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Systematic identification and characterization of eukaryotic and viral 2A peptide-bond-skipping sequences.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Picornavirus Evolution: Genomes Encoding Multiple 2AViruses · 2024Article
- Easy efficient HDR-based targeted knock-in inBioengineered · 2022Article
- LINEs between Species: Evolutionary Dynamics of LINE-1 Retrotransposons across the Eukaryotic Tree of Life.Genome biology and evolution · 2016Article
- '2A-Like' Signal Sequences Mediating Translational Recoding: A Novel Form of Dual Protein Targeting.Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark) · 2016Article
- Lost in translation: The biogenesis of non-LTR retrotransposon proteins.Mobile genetic elements · 2013Article
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9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
2A oligopeptide sequences ("2As") mediate a cotranslational recoding event termed "ribosome skipping." Previously we demonstrated the activity of 2As (and "2A-like sequences") within a wide range of animal RNA virus genomes and non-long terminal repeat retrotransposons (non-LTRs) in the genomes of the unicellular organisms Trypanosoma brucei (Ingi) and T. cruzi (L1Tc). Here, we report the presence of 2A-like sequences in the genomes of a wide range of multicellular organisms and, as in the trypanosome genomes, within non-LTR retrotransposons (non-LTRs)-clustering in the Rex1, Crack, L2, L2A, and CR1 clades, in addition to Ingi. These 2A-like sequences were tested for translational recoding activity, and highly active sequences were found within the Rex1, L2, CR1, and Ingi clades. The presence of 2A-like sequences within non-LTRs may not only represent a method of controlling protein biogenesis but also shows some correlation with such apurinic/apyrimidinic DNA endonuclease-type non-LTRs encoding one, rather than two, open reading frames (ORFs). Interestingly, such non-LTRs cluster with closely related elements lacking 2A-like recoding elements but retaining ORF1. Taken together, these observations suggest that acquisition of 2A-like translational recoding sequences may have played a role in the evolution of these elements.
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