ArticlePloS one2013
Position of neocortical neurons transfected at different gestational ages with shRNA targeted against candidate dyslexia susceptibility genes.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association, characterisation and meta-analysis of SNPs linked to general reading ability in a German dyslexia case-control cohort.Scientific reports · 2016Pooled it
- Neural Cell Models of Specific Reading Disabilities: Identification of Cellular and Transcriptome Alterations.Genes, brain, and behavior · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal expression pattern of dyslexia susceptibility 1 candidate 1 (DYX1C1) during rat cerebral cortex development.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Prohibitin 2 orchestrates long noncoding RNA and gene transcription to accelerate tumorigenesis.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Lamination, Borders, and Thalamic Projections of the Primary Visual Cortex in Human, Non-Human Primate, and Rodent Brains.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Rapid auditory processing and medial geniculate nucleus anomalies in Kiaa0319 knockout mice.Genes, brain, and behavior · 2022Article
- Animal models of developmental dyslexia.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- The dyslexia susceptibility KIAA0319 gene shows a specific expression pattern during zebrafish development supporting a role beyond neuronal migration.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2019Article
- The neuronal migration hypothesis of dyslexia: A critical evaluation 30 years on.The European journal of neuroscience · 2018Review
- Neurobiological Sex Differences in Developmental Dyslexia.Frontiers in psychology · 2018Article
- Knockout Mice for Dyslexia Susceptibility Gene Homologs KIAA0319 and KIAA0319L have Unaffected Neuronal Migration but Display Abnormal Auditory Processing.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2017Article
- Normal radial migration and lamination are maintained in dyslexia-susceptibility candidate gene homolog Kiaa0319 knockout mice.Brain structure & function · 2017Article
- The regulatory element READ1 epistatically influences reading and language, with both deleterious and protective alleles.Journal of medical genetics · 2016Article
- Asymmetry of Radial and Symmetry of Tangential Neuronal Migration Pathways in Developing Human Fetal Brains.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2016Article
- DCDC2 polymorphism is associated with left temporoparietal gray and white matter structures during development.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2014Article
- Article
- KIAA0319 and ROBO1: evidence on association with reading and pleiotropic effects on language and mathematics abilities in developmental dyslexia.Journal of human genetics · 2014Article
- Speech sound processing deficits and training-induced neural plasticity in rats with dyslexia gene knockdown.PloS one · 2014Article
- Dyslexia risk variant rs600753 is linked with dyslexia-specific differential allelic expression of DYX1C1.Genetics and molecular biologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Developmental dyslexia is a language learning disorder that affects approximately 4-10% of the population. A number of candidate dyslexia susceptibility genes have been identified, including DCDC2 and KIAA0319 on Chromosome (Chr) 6p22.2 and DYX1C1 on Chr 15q21. Embryonic knockdown of the function of homologs of these genes in rat neocortical projection cell progenitors by in utero electroporation of plasmids encoding small hairpin RNA (shRNA) revealed that all three genes disrupted neuronal migration to the neocortex. Specifically, this disruption would result in heterotopia formation (Dyx1c1 and Kiaa0319) and/or overmigration past their expected laminar location (Dyx1c1 and Dcdc2). In these experiments, neurons normally destined for the upper neocortical laminæ were transfected on embryonic day (E) 15.5, and we designed experiments to test whether these migration phenotypes were the result of targeting a specific type of projection neuron. We transfected litters with Dcdc2 shRNA, Dyx1c1 shRNA, Kiaa0319 shRNA, or fluorescent protein (as a control) at each of three gestational ages (E14.5, E15.5, or E16.5). Pups were allowed to come to term, and their brains were examined at 3 weeks of age for the position of transfected cells. We found that age of transfection did not affect the percentage of unmigrated neurons--transfection with Kiaa0319 shRNA resulted in heterotopia formation at all three ages. Overmigration of neurons transfected with Dcdc2 shRNA, while present following transfections at the later ages, did not occur following E14.5 transfections. These results are considered in light of the known functions of each of these candidate dyslexia susceptibility genes.
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Registered trials
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