ArticlePloS one2013
Relationship between food insecurity and mortality among HIV-positive injection drug users receiving antiretroviral therapy in British Columbia, Canada.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Food-based interventions to mitigate household food insecurity in Canada: a systematic review.Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, policy and practice · 2025Pooled it
- The Association of Food Insecurity and Risk of Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Large-Scale Cohorts.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Food insecurity, sexual risk behavior, and adherence to antiretroviral therapy among women living with HIV: A systematic review.Health care for women international · 2017Pooled it
- Novel intervention to improve food insecurity among individuals with opioid use disorder: A randomized clinical trial.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Effect of a Multisectoral Agricultural Intervention on HIV Health Outcomes Among Adults in Kenya: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2022Trial
- Clinical and Sociobehavioral Prediction Model of 30-Day Hospital Readmissions Among People With HIV and Substance Use Disorder: Beyond Electronic Health Record Data.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Trial
- Inflammation and micronutrient biomarkers predict clinical HIV treatment failure and incident active TB in HIV-infected adults: a case-control study.BMC medicine · 2018Trial
- Impact of household food insecurity on the use of maternal health services in the Savanes region, Togo: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Determinants of underweight among HIV-Infected children in pastoral communities of Southern Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Mobile Health Tool to Capture Social Determinants of Health and Their Impact on HIV Treatment Outcomes Among People Who Use Drugs: Pilot Feasibility Study.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- Social, economic and food insecurity among people living with HIV in Kenya during coinciding public health and environmental emergencies: a mixed-methods study.BMJ public health · 2024Article
- Food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic who use drugs in Vancouver, Canada.Public health nutrition · 2023Article
- Factors associated with receptive injection equipment sharing among people who inject drugs: findings from a multistate study at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.Harm reduction journal · 2023Article
- The impact of food insecurity on receipt of care, retention in care, and viral suppression among people living with HIV/AIDS in the United States: a causal mediation analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- The relationship between diet quality and the severity of household food insecurity in Canada.Public health nutrition · 2022Article
- Food insecurity arises the likelihood of hospitalization in patients with COVID-19.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Food access among people who inject drugs in West Virginia.Harm reduction journal · 2021Article
- An Integrated Urban Gardens and Peer Nutritional Counseling Intervention to Address Food Insecurity Among People With HIV in the Dominican Republic.AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesLittle is known about the potential impact of food insecurity on mortality among people living with HIV/AIDS. We examined the potential relationship between food insecurity and all-cause mortality among HIV-positive injection drug users (IDU) initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) across British Columbia (BC).
methodsCross-sectional measurement of food security status was taken at participant ART initiation. Participants were prospectively followed from June 1998 to September 2011 within the fully subsidized ART program. Cox proportional hazard models were used to ascertain the association between food insecurity and mortality, controlling for potential confounders.
resultsAmong 254 IDU, 181 (71.3%) were food insecure and 108 (42.5%) were hungry. After 13.3 years of median follow-up, 105 (41.3%) participants died. In multivariate analyses, food insecurity remained significantly associated with mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.07-3.53), after adjusting for potential confounders.
conclusionsHIV-positive IDU reporting food insecurity were almost twice as likely to die, compared to food secure IDU. Further research is required to understand how and why food insecurity is associated with excess mortality in this population. Public health organizations should evaluate the possible role of food supplementation and socio-structural supports for IDU within harm reduction and HIV treatment programs.
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