ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2013
Investigation of a Chlamydia pneumoniae outbreak in a Federal correctional facility in Texas.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spread ofEmerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Clinical features and chest CT findings ofFrontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Comparative analysis of Chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia (CPP) and Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children and risk factors of severe CPP.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Epidemiological changes inEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- From coughs to complications: the story ofJournal of medical microbiology · 2025Review
- Atypical pneumonia (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2024Review
- Chlamydia pneumoniae Upsurge at Tertiary Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.Emerging infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Multiplex Real-time PCR Assay for the Detection of allAnnals of laboratory medicine · 2023Article
- Atypical Pathogens in Adult Community-Acquired Pneumonia and Implications for Empiric Antibiotic Treatment: A Narrative Review.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Viral and bacterial upper respiratory tract infection in hospital health care workers over time and association with symptoms.BMC infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Atypical Pneumonia: Updates on Legionella, Chlamydophila, and Mycoplasma Pneumonia.Clinics in chest medicine · 2017Review
- Current and emerging Legionella diagnostics for laboratory and outbreak investigations.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2015Review
- Evolution to a chronic disease niche correlates with increased sensitivity to tryptophan availability for the obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia pneumoniae.Journal of bacteriology · 2014Review
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundChlamydia pneumoniae illness is poorly characterized, particularly as a sole causative pathogen. We investigated a C. pneumoniae outbreak at a federal correctional facility.
methodsWe identified inmates with acute respiratory illness (ARI) from 1 November 2009 to 24 February 2010 through clinic self-referral and active case finding. We tested oropharyngeal and/or nasopharyngeal swabs for C. pneumoniae by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and serum samples by microimmunofluorescence. Cases were inmates with ARI and radiologically confirmed pneumonia, positive qPCR, or serological evidence of recent infection. Swabs from 7 acutely ill inmates were tested for 18 respiratory pathogens using qPCR TaqMan Array Cards (TACs). Follow-up swabs from case patients were collected for up to 8 weeks.
resultsAmong 33 self-referred and 226 randomly selected inmates, 52 (20.1%) met the case definition; pneumonia was confirmed in 4 by radiology only, in 9 by qPCR only, in 17 by serology only, and in 22 by both qPCR and serology. The prison attack rate was 10.4% (95% confidence interval, 7.0%-13.8%). White inmates and residents of housing unit Y were at highest risk. TAC testing detected C. pneumoniae in 4 (57%) inmates; no other causative pathogens were identified. Among 40 inmates followed prospectively, C. pneumoniae was detected for up to 8 weeks. Thirteen (52%) of 25 inmates treated with azithromycin continued to be qPCR positive >2 weeks after treatment.
conclusionsChlamydia pneumoniae was the causative pathogen of this outbreak. Higher risk among certain groups suggests that social interaction contributed to transmission. Persistence of C. pneumoniae in the oropharynx creates challenges for outbreak control measures.
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