ArticleMultiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)2014
Oligoclonal bands in multiple sclerosis reactive against two herpesviruses and association with magnetic resonance imaging findings.
Article in Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Viral associations in multiple sclerosis: pathogenetic mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Virology journal · 2026Review
- Review
- Anti-Human Endogenous Retrovirus and Anti-Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Humoral Response in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Case Control Study.Microbiology and immunology · 2025Article
- Nogo-A and NfL Levels in CSF from Newly Diagnosed Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Patients Positive for Anti-HHV6-A IgG Autoantibody.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- A unifying model for multiple sclerosis.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- New insights on the link between Epstein‑Barr virus infection and cognitive decline in neurodegenerative diseases (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2024Review
- Epstein-Barr Viruses: Their Immune Evasion Strategies and Implications for Autoimmune Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Epstein-Barr Virus in the Cerebrospinal Fluid and Blood Compartments of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis and Controls.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Does multiple sclerosis have a zoonotic origin? Correlations with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Human herpesvirus 6 infection as a trigger of multiple sclerosis: an update of recent literature.BMC neurology · 2022Review
- Theiler's virus-induced demyelinating disease as an infectious model of progressive multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2022Review
- Human Herpesvirus 6A Is a Risk Factor for Multiple Sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- T-Cell Response against Varicella Zoster Virus in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis during Relapse and Remission.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- HSV-1 and Endogenous Retroviruses as Risk Factors in Demyelination.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Human Herpesviruses 6A and 6B in Brain Diseases: Association versus Causation.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2020Review
- The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Demyelination of the Central Nervous System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- The Role of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection in Demyelination of the Central Nervous System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Human Herpesvirus 6 Detection in Alzheimer's Disease Cases and Controls across Multiple Cohorts.Neuron · 2020Article
- Higher EBV response is associated with more severe gray matter and lesion pathology in relapsing multiple sclerosis patients: A case-controlled magnetization transfer ratio study.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2020Article
- Presence of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in cerebrospinal fluid is associated with greater HIV RNA and inflammation.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTwo human herpesviruses, human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), have been repeatedly linked to multiple sclerosis (MS).
objectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate HHV-6 and EBV reactive oligoclonal bands (OCBs), and viral DNA in the intrathecal compartment in MS.
methodsThe reactivity of OCBs in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for EBV and HHV-6 antigens and stability of virus reactive OCBs over time were studied in a well-characterized MS patient cohort. Associations between virus reactive OCBs and viral DNA in CSF (and any clinical and/or radiological findings) were investigated.
resultsOf patients with MS, 38% had OCBs reactive to either one of the viruses studied, compared to none in the patients with other inflammatory neurological diseases (p=0.005). The banding pattern of virus reactive OCBs remained the same over time. Furthermore, MS patients with viral DNA in CSF had more contrast enhancing lesions (CELs).
conclusionThe stable presence of herpesvirus reactive OCBs in CSF further strengthens the association of MS with these viruses. The finding that herpesviruses might be linked to the appearance of active lesions warrants investigation of new therapeutic strategies to treat these viruses in MS.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.