ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2013
In vivo recordings of GnRH neuron firing reveal heterogeneity and dependence upon GABAA receptor signaling.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dual rescue mission: P-G3 dendrimer addresses ovarian and neuroendocrine roots of obesity-linked subfertility.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Integrating mechanistic models to decode the GnRH pulse generator in female mice.Journal of molecular endocrinology · 2026Review
- Electrophysiological recording of hypothalamic brain regions in vivo using the transpharyngeal surgical approach in the rat.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2026Review
- Knockout of PI4-Kinase A in GnRH Neurons Causes their Prepubertal Death.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- A challenging hypothesis: can a SNP changing cysteine 1 in the α inhibin pro-domain induce reproduction-linked PCOS phenotypes?Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- PI4-kinase A is essential for survival of the GnRH neurons.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- In-vivo properties and functional subtypes of gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons.iScience · 2025Article
- Article
- Transcriptomic profiling of murine GnRH neurons reveals developmental trajectories linked to human reproduction and infertility.Theranostics · 2025Article
- Epilepsy-associated increase in gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron firing in diestrous female mice is independent of chronic seizure burden severity.Epilepsy research · 2022Article
- Estrogenic regulation of reproduction and energy homeostasis by a triumvirate of hypothalamic arcuate neurons.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2022Review
- Active Dendrites and Local Field Potentials: Biophysical Mechanisms and Computational Explorations.Neuroscience · 2022Review
- The electrophysiologic properties of gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2022Review
- Nitric oxide resets kisspeptin-excited GnRH neurons via PIP2 replenishment.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Animal Models to Understand the Etiology and Pathophysiology of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.Endocrine reviews · 2020Review
- Beta-nerve growth factor stimulates spontaneous electrical activity of in vitro embryonic mouse GnRH neurons through a P75 mediated-mechanism.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Dynorphin and GABAA Receptor Signaling Contribute to Progesterone's Inhibition of the LH Surge in Female Mice.Endocrinology · 2020Article
- Estrogen Receptors Alpha and Beta in POA-AHA Region Regulate Asymmetrically Ovulation.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2019Article
- Modulation of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neuron Activity and Secretion in Mice by Non-peptide Neurotransmitters, Gasotransmitters, and Gliotransmitters.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2019Review
- Antisense techniques provide robust decrease in GnRH receptor expression with minimal cytotoxicity in GT1-7 cells.Systems biology in reproductive medicine · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons are the key cells regulating fertility in all mammalian species. The scattered distribution of these neurons has made investigation of their properties extremely difficult and the key goal of recording their electrical activity in vivo near impossible. The caudal-most extension of the GnRH neuron continuum brings some cells very close to the base of the brain at the level of the anterior hypothalamic area. Taking insight from this, we developed an experimental procedure in anesthetized GnRH-GFP mice that allows the electrical activity of these GnRH neurons to be recorded in vivo. On-cell recordings revealed that the majority of GnRH neurons (86%) were spontaneously active, exhibiting a range of firing patterns, although only a minority (15%) exhibited burst firing. Mean firing frequencies ranged from 0.06 to 3.65 Hz, with the most common interspike interval being ~500 ms. All GnRH neurons tested were activated by AMPA and kisspeptin. Whereas the GABAA receptor agonist muscimol evoked excitatory, inhibitory, or mixed effects on GnRH neuron firing, the GABAA receptor antagonist picrotoxin resulted in a consistent suppression of firing. These observations represent the first electrical recordings of GnRH neurons in vivo. They reveal that GnRH neurons in vivo exhibit considerable heterogeneity in their firing patterns with both similarities and differences to firing in vitro. These variable patterns of firing in vivo are found to be critically dependent upon ongoing GABAA receptor signaling.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.