ReviewInternational journal of experimental pathology2013
Neuronal regulation of tendon homoeostasis.
Review in International journal of experimental pathology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Neural Modification To Treat Chronic Tendinopathy: Emerging Evidence and Opportunities for Pain Practitioners - A Systematic Review.Current pain and headache reports · 2025Pooled it
- Is neurogenic inflammation involved in tendinopathy? A systematic review.BMJ open sport & exercise medicine · 2023Pooled it
- The Bonar Score in the Histopathological Assessment of Tendinopathy and Its Clinical Relevance-A Systematic Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021Pooled it
- Study protocol: a double blind randomised control trial of high volume image guided injections in Achilles and patellar tendinopathy in a young active population.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2017Trial
- Sensing the skeleton: sensorineural regulation in bone.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2026Review
- Piezo2FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Activation of the YAP1/pSTAT3/NRP1 axis in peritendinous sensory nerves promotes tendon healing.Science advances · 2026Article
- An overview in tendon's physiology, pathomorphology, and treatment options.Cell and tissue research · 2026Review
- Authors' response to the letter to the editor on "Tendon modification with percutaneous ultrasound-guided tenotomy using TENEX®: A histological and macroscopic analysis of a bovine cadaveric model."Interventional pain medicine · 2025Article
- Concerns regarding Palee et al. and reasserting the underlying mechanism of action in percutaneous tenotomy.Interventional pain medicine · 2025Article
- Tendon modification with percutaneous Ultrasound-Guided Tenotomy using TENEX®: A histological and macroscopic analysis of a bovine cadaveric model.Interventional pain medicine · 2025Article
- Neural Markers Predict Tendon Healing Outcomes in an Ovine Achilles Tendon Injury Model: Spontaneous Repair Versus Amniotic Epithelial Cell-Induced Regeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Human Tendon-on-Chip: Unveiling the Effect of Core Compartment-T Cell Spatiotemporal Crosstalk at the Onset of Tendon Inflammation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Recent developments in Achilles tendon risk-analyzing rupture factors for enhanced injury prevention and clinical guidance: Current implications of regenerative medicine.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2024Review
- Predictive Neuromarker Patterns for Calcification Metaplasia in Early Tendon Healing.Veterinary sciences · 2024Article
- Neuronal regulation of bone and tendon injury repair: a focused review.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2024Review
- The effect of local sympatholysis on bone-tendon interface healing in a murine rotator cuff repair model.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2023Article
- Cannabidiol for musculoskeletal regenerative medicine.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2023Review
- Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid in Osteoarthritis and Tendinopathies: Molecular and Clinical Approaches.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Total rupture of Achilles tendon induces inflammatory response and glial activation on the spinal cord of mice.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The regulation of tendon homoeostasis, including adaptation to loading, is still not fully understood. Accumulating data, however, demonstrates that in addition to afferent (sensory) functions, the nervous system, via efferent pathways which are associated with through specific neuronal mediators plays an active role in regulating pain, inflammation and tendon homeostasis. This neuronal regulation of intact-, healing- and tendinopathic tendons has been shown to be mediated by three major groups of molecules including opioid, autonomic and excitatory glutamatergic neuroregulators. In intact healthy tendons the neuromediators are found in the surrounding structures: paratenon, endotenon and epitenon, whereas the proper tendon itself is practically devoid of neurovascular supply. This neuroanatomy reflects that normal tendon homoeostasis is regulated from the tendon surroundings. After injury and during tendon repair, however, there is extensive nerve ingrowth into the tendon proper, followed by a time-dependent emergence of sensory, autonomic and glutamatergic mediators, which amplify and fine-tune inflammation and regulate tendon regeneration. In tendinopathic condition, excessive and protracted presence of sensory and glutamatergic neuromediators has been identified, suggesting involvement in inflammatory, nociceptive and hypertrophic (degenerative) tissue responses. Under experimental and clinical conditions of impaired (e.g. diabetes) as well as excessive (e.g. tendinopathy) neuromediator release, dysfunctional tendon homoeostasis develops resulting in chronic pain and gradual degeneration. Thus there is a prospect that in the future pharmacotherapy and tissue engineering approaches targeting neuronal mediators and their receptors may prove to be effective therapies for painful, degenerative and traumatic tendon disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.