ArticlePloS one2013
Trends in total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol among U.S. adults: contributions of changes in dietary fat intake and use of cholesterol-lowering medications.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Long-Term Levels of LDL-C and Cognitive Function: The CARDIA Study.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2021Article
- Multi-trajectories of lipid indices with incident cardiovascular disease, heart failure, and all-cause mortality: 23 years follow-up of two US cohort studies.Journal of translational medicine · 2021Article
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- A roadmap to build a phenotypic metric of ageing: insights from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.Journal of internal medicine · 2020Article
- Trajectories of Blood Lipid Concentrations Over the Adult Life Course and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality: Observations From the Framingham Study Over 35 Years.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2019Article
- Dietary Cholesterol Intake and Sources among U.S Adults: Results from National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES), 2001⁻2014.Nutrients · 2018Article
- The Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases Among US States, 1990-2016.JAMA cardiology · 2018Article
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- Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2017 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2017Review
- Mobile Health (mHealth) Technology for the Management of Hypertension and Hyperlipidemia: Slow Start but Loads of Potential.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2017Review
- Changes in mean serum lipids among adults in Germany: results from National Health Surveys 1997-99 and 2008-11.BMC public health · 2016Article
- Investigation of cytokines, oxidative stress, metabolic, and inflammatory biomarkers after orange juice consumption by normal and overweight subjects.Food & nutrition research · 2015Article
- Longitudinal trajectories of cholesterol from midlife through late life according to apolipoprotein E allele status.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2014Article
- Different time trends of caloric and fat intake between statin users and nonusers among US adults: gluttony in the time of statins?JAMA internal medicine · 2014Article
- Heart disease and stroke statistics--2014 update: a report from the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveOur aim was to examine the relative contributions of changes in dietary fat intake and use of cholesterol-lowering medications to changes in concentrations of total cholesterol among adults in the United States from 1988-1994 to 2007-2008.
methodWe used data from adults aged 20-74 years who participated in National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 1988-1994 to 2007-2008. The effect of change in dietary fat intake on concentrations of total cholesterol was estimated by the use of equations developed by Keys, Hegsted, and successors.
resultsAge-adjusted mean concentrations of total cholesterol were 5.60 mmol/L (216 mg/dl) during 1988-1994 falling to 5.09 mmol/L (197 mg/dl) in 2007-2008 (P<0.001). No significant changes in the intake of total fat, saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, and dietary cholesterol were observed from 1988-1994 to 2007-2008. However, the age-adjusted use of cholesterol-lowering medications increased from 1.6% to 12.5% (P<0.001). The various equations suggested that changes in dietary fat made minimal contributions to the observed trend in mean concentrations of total cholesterol. The increased use of cholesterol-lowering medications was estimated to account for approximately 46% of the change. DISCUSSION: Mean concentrations of total cholesterol among adults in the United States have declined by ∼4% since 1988-1994. The increased use of cholesterol-lowering medications has apparently accounted for about half of this small fall. Further substantial decreases in cholesterol might be potentially achievable by implementing effective and feasible public health interventions to promote the consumption of a more healthful diet by US adults. DISCLAIMER: The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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