ArticlePloS one2013
Identification of a novel nuclear localization signal sequence in Chlamydia trachomatis-secreted hypothetical protein CT311.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Identification of candidate nucleomodulins in ESKAPE bacteria -Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- TheJournal of bacteriology · 2025Article
- Bacterial nucleomodulins and cancer: An unresolved enigma.Translational oncology · 2021Review
- The Putative Type III SecretedFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- The multiple functions of the numerousMicrobial cell (Graz, Austria) · 2019Review
- The Chlamydia-Secreted Protease CPAF Promotes Chlamydial Survival in the Mouse Lower Genital Tract.Infection and immunity · 2016Article
- Chlamydia Infection Across Host Species Boundaries Promotes Distinct Sets of Transcribed Anti-Apoptotic Factors.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2015Article
- Identification of type III secretion substrates of Chlamydia trachomatis using Yersinia enterocolitica as a heterologous system.BMC microbiology · 2014Article
- A path forward for the chlamydial virulence factor CPAF.Microbes and infection · 2013Review
- Transformation of sexually transmitted infection-causing serovars of chlamydia trachomatis using Blasticidin for selection.PloS one · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
We previously reported that Chlamydia trachomatis hypothetical protein CT311 was secreted out of chlamydial inclusion and into host cell cytosol. We now found that CT311 further entered host cell nucleus at the late stage of infection and continued to accumulate in the nucleus of C. trachomatis-infected cells. When CT311 was expressed via a transgene in mammalian cells, CT311 protein was exclusively detected in the nucleus, suggesting that CT311 by itself is sufficient for nuclear targeting. However, preexisting nuclear CT311 did not affect subsequent chlamydial infection. Using deletion constructs, we mapped a nuclear localization signal sequence of CT311 to residues 21 to 63 ((21)AVEGKPLSRAAQLRERRKDLHVSGKPSPRYALKKRALEAKKNK(63)). This sequence was sufficient for targeting a heterologous protein into mammalian cell nucleus and it contains two independent clusters of basic residues ((34)RERRK(38) and (53)KKRALEAKKNK(63) respectively). Deletion or alanine substitution of the basic residues in either cluster led to loss of nuclear targeting activity, suggesting that both clusters are critical for the nuclear targeting function. These observations have demonstrated that the hypothetical protein CT311 possesses a novel nuclear localization signal sequence with dual modules of basic residues for targeting host cell nucleus during Chlamydia trachomatis infection.
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