ArticleJournal of ginseng research2012
Estrogen receptor is activated by korean red ginseng in vitro but not in vivo.
Article in Journal of ginseng research, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Korean red ginseng (Panax Ginseng Meyer) on bisphenol A exposure and gynecologic complaints: single blind, randomized clinical trial of efficacy and safety.BMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2014Trial
- Article
- No distinct estrogenic or androgenic activity was observed in Korean Red Ginseng metabolites prepared using a S9 system.Journal of ginseng research · 2026Article
- Effect of red ginseng beverage on menopausal symptoms in Chinese women: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.Journal of ginseng research · 2026Article
- Potential ofChinese herbal medicines · 2025Review
- The beneficial potential of ginseng for menopause.Journal of ginseng research · 2024Review
- KRG and its major ginsenosides do not show distinct steroidogenic activities examined by the OECD test guideline 440 and 456 assays.Journal of ginseng research · 2023Article
- Protection of c-Fos from autophagic degradation by PRMT1-mediated methylation fosters gastric tumorigenesis.International journal of biological sciences · 2023Article
- Safety of red ginseng and herb extract complex (RHC) in menopausal women: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Journal of ginseng research · 2022Article
- Ovarian cysts disappear after 14-day oral regimen of Korean red ginseng extract in letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome.Obstetrics & gynecology science · 2021Article
- Effects of Ginseng Ingestion on Salivary Testosterone and DHEA Levels in Healthy Females: An Exploratory Study.Nutrients · 2020Article
- Effects of ginseng on two main sex steroid hormone receptors: estrogen and androgen receptors.Journal of ginseng research · 2017Review
- Effect of the Interaction of Veratrum Nigrum with Panax Ginseng on Estrogenic Activity In Vivo and In Vitro.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Efficacy of proline in the treatment of menopause.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2016Article
- Review of cases of patient risk associated with ginseng abuse and misuse.Journal of ginseng research · 2015Review
- Korean Red Ginseng inhibits apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells via estrogen receptor β-mediated phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt signaling.Journal of ginseng research · 2015Article
- Treatment with Panax ginseng antagonizes the estrogen decline in ovariectomized mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2014Article
- Antistress effect of red ginseng in brain cells is mediated by TACE repression via PADI4.Journal of ginseng research · 2013Article
- p38/AP-1 pathway in lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses is negatively modulated by electrical stimulation.Mediators of inflammation · 2013Article
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2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ginseng has been used as a traditional medicine for treatment of many diseases and for general health maintenance in people of all ages. Ginseng is also used to ameliorate menopausal systems. We investigated the estrogenic activity of Korean red ginseng (KRG) in a transient transfection system, using estrogen receptor (ER) and estrogen-responsive luciferase plasmids in MCF-7 cells. The extract activated both ERα and ERβ. KRG modulated the mRNA levels of estrogen-responsive genes such as pS2 and ESR1 and decreased the protein level of ERα. In order to examine in vivo estrogenic activity of KRG, sixteen female Sprague-Dawley rats separated into four groups were studied for nine weeks: non-ovariectomized (OVX) rats treated with olive oil, OVX rats treated with olive oil, OVX rats treated with 17-β-estradiol (E2) in olive oil, and OVX rats treated with KRG extract in olive oil. The experiments were repeated for three times and the data of twelve rats were combined. Body weight of OVX rats was greater than that of sham-operated control rats and was decreased by E2 treatment. Uterine weight increased after E2 treatment compared to OVX rats. However, no difference in body or uterine weight was observed with KRG intake. KRG induced reductions in total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol/total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol/total cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol/high density lipoprotein cholesterol, but not to the same degree as did E2 intake. These results show that KRG does contain estrogenic activity as manifested by in vitro study but the activity is not strong enough to elicit physiological responses.
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