ArticleJournal of ginseng research2011
A simple method for the preparation of crude gintonin from ginseng root, stem, and leaf.
Article in Journal of ginseng research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gintonin as a Lysophosphatidic Acid-Enriched GPCR Ligand System: Molecular Architecture and Receptor Pharmacology inBiomolecules · 2026Review
- Gintonin enhances epithelial barrier function by activating NRF2 pathway in radiation-induced intestinal injury.Journal of ginseng research · 2025Article
- Optimization of Antioxidant Activity of Compounds Generated during Ginseng Extract Fermentation Supplemented withMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Gintonin Alleviates HCl/Ethanol- and Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Gintonin Isolated from Ginseng Inhibits the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Induced by TGF-β in A549 Lung Cancer Cells.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Gintonin, aJournal of ginseng research · 2023Article
- A novel protocol for batch-separating gintonin-enriched, polysaccharide-enriched, and crude ginsenoside-containing fractions fromJournal of ginseng research · 2023Article
- Gintonin-enriched fraction improves sarcopenia by maintaining immune homeostasis in 20- to 24-month-old C57BL/6J mice.Journal of ginseng research · 2021Article
- Wound Healing Effect of Gintonin Involves Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Signaling Pathway in Keratinocytes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Effects of Gintonin-enriched fraction on the gene expression of six lysophosphatidic receptor subtypes.Journal of ginseng research · 2021Article
- Gintonin regulates inflammation in human IL-1β-stimulated fibroblast-like synoviocytes and carrageenan/kaolin-induced arthritis in rats through LPAR2.Journal of ginseng research · 2021Article
- Protective Effects of Gintonin on Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced HT22 Cell Damages: Involvement of LPA1 Receptor-BDNF-AKT Signaling Pathway.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Effects of gintonin-enriched fraction on hippocampal gene expressions.Integrative medicine research · 2021Article
- Gintonin influences the morphology and motility of adult brain neurons via LPA receptors.Journal of ginseng research · 2021Article
- Ginseng gintonin, aging societies, and geriatric brain diseases.Integrative medicine research · 2021Review
- Neuroprotective Potentials of Panax Ginseng Against Alzheimer's Disease: A Review of Preclinical and Clinical Evidences.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- The Gintonin-Enriched Fraction of Ginseng Regulates Lipid Metabolism and Browning via the cAMP-Protein Kinase a Signaling Pathway in Mice White Adipocytes.Biomolecules · 2020Article
- Ongoing Research on the Role of Gintonin in the Management of Neurodegenerative Disorders.Cells · 2020Review
- Ginseng Gintonin Contains Ligands for GPR40 and GPR55.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Effects of a gintonin-enriched fraction on hair growth: anJournal of ginseng research · 2020Article
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9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ginseng has been used as a general tonic agent to invigorate the human body as an adaptogenic agent. In a previous report, we have shown that ginseng contains a novel glycolipoprotein called gintonin. The main function of gintonin is to transiently enhance intracellular free Ca(2+) [Ca(2+)]i levels in animal cells. The previous method for gintonin isolation included multiple steps using organic solvents. In the present report, we developed a simple method for the preparation of crude gintonin from ginseng root as well as stem and leaf, which produced a higher yield of gintonin than the previous one. The yield of gintonin was 0.20%, 0.29%, and 0.81% from ginseng root, stem, and leaf, respectively. The apparent molecular weight of gintonin isolated from stem and leaf through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was almost same as that from root but the compositions of amino acids, carbohydrates or lipids differed slightly between them. We also examined the effects of crude gintonin from ginseng root, stem, and leaf on endogenous Ca(2+)-activated Cl- channel (CaCC) activity of Xenopus oocytes through mobilization of [Ca(2+)]i. We found that the order of potency for the activation of CaCC was ginseng root > stem > leaf. The ED50 was 1.4±1.4, 4.5±5.9, and 3.9±1.1 μg/mL for root, stem and leaf, respectively. In the present study, we demonstrated for the first time that in addition to ginseng root, ginseng stem and leaf also contain gintonin. Gintonin can be prepared from a simple method with higher yield of gintonin from ginseng root, stem, and leaf. Finally, these results demonstrate the possibility that ginseng stem and leaf could also be utilized for ginstonin preparation after a simple procedure, rather than being discarded.
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