ArticleInfection and immunity2013
Protective efficacy induced by recombinant Clostridium difficile toxin fragments.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adenosine deaminase co-immunization reverses age-associated immunosenescence by restoring germinal center T follicular helper cell function.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Immunization Strategies Against Clostridioides difficile.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Review
- Major pathogenicIranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2022Review
- Immunogenicity and Protection from Receptor-Binding Domains of Toxins as Potential Vaccine Candidates forVaccines · 2019Article
- Designed Ankyrin Repeat Protein (DARPin) Neutralizers of TcdB from Clostridium difficile Ribotype 027.mSphere · 2019Article
- Lectin Activity of the TcdA and TcdB Toxins of Clostridium difficile.Infection and immunity · 2019Article
- Recent advances in the treatment ofInfection and drug resistance · 2019Article
- Clostridium difficile Toxoid Vaccine Candidate Confers Broad Protection against a Range of Prevalent Circulating Strains in a Nonclinical Setting.Infection and immunity · 2018Article
- Novel Chimeric Protein Vaccines AgainstFrontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- The role of toxins in Clostridium difficile infection.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2017Review
- A DNA vaccine targeting TcdA and TcdB induces protective immunity against Clostridium difficile.BMC infectious diseases · 2016Article
- Article
- Exposure of neutralizing epitopes in the carboxyl-terminal domain of TcdB is altered by a proximal hypervariable region.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2015Article
- The roles of host and pathogen factors and the innate immune response in the pathogenesis of Clostridium difficile infection.Molecular immunology · 2015Review
- A chimeric protein comprising the glucosyltransferase and cysteine proteinase domains of toxin B and the receptor binding domain of toxin A induces protective immunity against Clostridium difficile infection in mice and hamsters.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2015Article
- Biochemical and Immunological Characterization of Truncated Fragments of the Receptor-Binding Domains of C. difficile Toxin A.PloS one · 2015Article
- A novel multivalent, single-domain antibody targeting TcdA and TcdB prevents fulminant Clostridium difficile infection in mice.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2014Article
- Antibodies for treatment of Clostridium difficile infection.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2014Review
- Article
- Structural basis for antibody recognition in the receptor-binding domains of toxins A and B from Clostridium difficile.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
26 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Clostridium difficile is a spore-forming bacterium that can reside in animals and humans. C. difficile infection causes a variety of clinical symptoms, ranging from diarrhea to fulminant colitis. Disease is mediated by TcdA and TcdB, two large enterotoxins released by C. difficile during colonization of the gut. In this study, we evaluated the ability of recombinant toxin fragments to induce neutralizing antibodies in mice. The protective efficacies of the most promising candidates were then evaluated in a hamster model of disease. While limited protection was observed with some combinations, coadministration of a cell binding domain fragment of TcdA (TcdA-B1) and the glucosyltransferase moiety of TcdB (TcdB-GT) induced systemic IgGs which neutralized both toxins and protected vaccinated animals from death following challenge with two strains of C. difficile. Further characterization revealed that despite high concentrations of toxin in the gut lumens of vaccinated animals during the acute phase of the disease, pathological damage was minimized. Assessment of gut contents revealed the presence of TcdA and TcdB antibodies, suggesting that systemic vaccination with this pair of recombinant polypeptides can limit the disease caused by toxin production during C. difficile infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.