ArticleEpidemiology and infection2014
Epidemiology and estimated costs of a large waterborne outbreak of norovirus infection in Sweden.
Article in Epidemiology and infection, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Variations of the Virome in Raw and Treated Water: A One-Year Follow-Up at Six Different Drinking Water Treatment Plants.Environmental microbiology reports · 2025Article
- Estimating the risk of gastrointestinal illness associated with drinking tap water in Norway: a prospective cohort study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- The Clinical and Economic Burden of Norovirus Gastroenteritis in the United States.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Detection of Norovirus and Rotavirus Present in Suspended and Dissolved Forms in Drinking Water Sources.Food and environmental virology · 2019Article
- High-Performance Virus Removal Filter Paper for Drinking Water Purification.Global challenges (Hoboken, NJ) · 2018Article
- Evidence-Based interventions of Norovirus outbreaks in China.BMC public health · 2016Article
- A One Year Study on the Concentrations of Norovirus and Enteric Adenoviruses in Wastewater and A Surface Drinking Water Source in Norway.Food and environmental virology · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A large outbreak of norovirus (NoV) gastroenteritis caused by contaminated municipal drinking water occurred in Lilla Edet, Sweden, 2008. Epidemiological investigations performed using a questionnaire survey showed an association between consumption of municipal drinking water and illness (odds ratio 4·73, 95% confidence interval 3·53-6·32), and a strong correlation between the risk of being sick and the number of glasses of municipal water consumed. Diverse NoV strains were detected in stool samples from patients, NoV genotype I strains predominating. Although NoVs were not detected in water samples, coliphages were identified as a marker of viral contamination. About 2400 (18·5%) of the 13,000 inhabitants in Lilla Edet became ill. Costs associated with the outbreak were collected via a questionnaire survey given to organizations and municipalities involved in or affected by the outbreak. Total costs including sick leave, were estimated to be ∼8,700,000 Swedish kronor (∼€0·87 million).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.