ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2013
Immune-pineal axis: nuclear factor κB (NF-kB) mediates the shift in the melatonin source from pinealocytes to immune competent cells.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Non-Pharmacological Treatments for Oral Carcinogenesis: From Oral Lichen Planus to Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Cancers · 2026Review
- Blunted Melatonin Circadian Rhythm in Parkinson's Disease: Express Bewilderment.Neurotoxicity research · 2024Review
- Dual sources of melatonin and evidence for different primary functions.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Dietary Supplementation with Resveratrol Attenuates Serum Melatonin Level, Pro-Inflammatory Response and Metabolic Disorder in Rats Fed High-Fructose High-Lipid Diet under Round-the-Clock Lighting.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2023Article
- Outdoor artificial light at night, air pollution, and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the California Linkage Study of Early-Onset Cancers.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Melatonin as a Chronobiotic with Sleep-promoting Properties.Current neuropharmacology · 2023Review
- Interactions of melatonin with various signaling pathways: implications for cancer therapy.Cancer cell international · 2022Review
- Utility of melatonin in mitigating ionizing radiation-induced testis injury through synergistic interdependence of its biological properties.Biological research · 2022Article
- Psycho-Neuro-Endocrine-Immunology: A Role for Melatonin in This New Paradigm.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Class A and C GPCR Dimers in Neurodegenerative Diseases.Current neuropharmacology · 2022Review
- Melatonin reduces inflammation in intestinal cells, organoids and intestinal explants.Inflammopharmacology · 2021Article
- The interplay between mast cells, pineal gland, and circadian rhythm: Links between histamine, melatonin, and inflammatory mediators.Journal of pineal research · 2021Review
- Melatonin: Effects on Cartilage Homeostasis and Therapeutic Prospects in Cartilage-related Diseases.Aging and disease · 2021Review
- Lipopolysaccharide Regulates Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines, Corticosterone, and Melatonin in Toads.Integrative organismal biology (Oxford, England) · 2021Article
- Effects of Melatonin on Neurobehavior and Cognition in a Cerebral Palsy Model ofFrontiers in endocrinology · 2021Article
- Melatonin Ameliorates Inflammation and Oxidative Stress by Suppressing the p38MAPK Signaling Pathway in LPS-Induced Sheep Orchitis.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Inflammation and tissue homeostasis: the NF-κB system in physiology and malignant progression.Molecular biology reports · 2020Review
- Temporal expression patterns of the melatoninergic system in the human thymus of children.Molecular metabolism · 2019Article
- Melatonin Action on the Activity of Phagocytes from the Colostrum of Obese Women.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pineal gland melatonin is the darkness hormone, while extra-pineal melatonin produced by the gonads, gut, retina, and immune competent cells acts as a paracrine or autocrine mediator. The well-known immunomodulatory effect of melatonin is observed either as an endocrine, a paracrine or an autocrine response. In mammals, nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) blocks noradrenaline-induced melatonin synthesis in pinealocytes, which induces melatonin synthesis in macrophages. In addition, melatonin reduces NF-κB activation in pinealocytes and immune competent cells. Therefore, pathogen- or danger-associated molecular patterns transiently switch the synthesis of melatonin from pinealocytes to immune competent cells, and as the response progresses melatonin inhibition of NF-κB activity leads these cells to a more quiescent state. The opposite effect of NF-κB in pinealocytes and immune competent cells is due to different NF-κB dimers recruited in each phase of the defense response. This coordinated shift of the source of melatonin driven by NF-κB is called the immune-pineal axis. Finally, we discuss how this concept might be relevant to a better understanding of pathological conditions with impaired melatonin rhythms and hope it opens new horizons for the research of side effects of melatonin-based therapies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.