Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23706525›Full record

ArticleBiological psychiatry2013

Stress in the adult rat exacerbates muscle pain induced by early-life stress.

Pedro Alvarez, Paul G Green, Jon D Levine

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biological psychiatry, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Sex differences in the transition to chronic pain.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Nociceptor Overexpression of NaThe journal of pain · 2021
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Hypertrophic Scar Severity at Autograft Sites Is Associated With Increased Pain and Itch After Major Thermal Burn Injury.Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association · 2018
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Pedro AlvarezDepartments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Division of Neuroscience, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Paul G Green
Jon D Levine
University of California, San Francisco · US

Funding

Acute-to-Chronic Transition in Ergonomic Muscle Pain: Nociceptor MechanismsR01AR063312 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI LEVINE, JON DAVID · 2013 to 2022
$6.5M
Receptors and Second Messengers for Pain and AnalgesiaP01NS053709 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI LEVINE, JON DAVID · 2007 to 2011
$5.0M
Vascular Pain MechanismsR01NS085831 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI LEVINE, JON DAVID · 2014 to 2018
$2.3M
Mechanisms and Risk Factors in Musculoskeletal PainR01AR054635 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI LEVINE, JON DAVID · 2007 to 2011
$1.6M
NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR054635NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR063312NINDS NIH HHS P01 NS053709NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS085831
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEarly-life stress and exposure to stressful stimuli play a major role in the development of chronic widespread pain in adults. However, how they interact in chronic pain syndromes remains unclear.

methodsDams and neonatal litters were submitted to a restriction of nesting material (neonatal limited bedding [NLB]) for 1 week. As adults, these rats were exposed to a painless sound stress protocol. The involvement of sympathoadrenal catecholamines interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) in nociception was evaluated through behavioral and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, surgical interventions, and intrathecal antisense treatments.

resultsAdult NLB rats exhibited mild muscle hyperalgesia, which was markedly aggravated by sound stress (peaking 15 days after exposure). Adrenal medullectomy did not modify hyperalgesia in NLB rats but prevented its aggravation by sound stress. Sustained administration of epinephrine to NLB rats mimicked sound stress effect. Intrathecal treatment with antisense directed to IL-6 receptor subunit gp130 (gp130), but not to tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1 (TNFR1), inhibited hyperalgesia in NLB rats. However, antisense against either gp130 or TNFR1 inhibited sound stress-induced enhancement of hyperalgesia. Compared with control rats, NLB rats exhibit increased plasma levels of IL-6 but decreased levels of TNFα, whereas sound stress increases IL-6 plasma levels in control rats but not in NLB rats.

conclusionsEarly-life stress induces a persistent elevation of IL-6, hyperalgesia, and susceptibility to chronic muscle pain, which is unveiled by exposure to stress in adults. This probably depends on an interaction between adrenal catecholamines and proinflammatory cytokines acting at muscle nociceptor level.

Indexed as

Acoustic StimulationAdministration, IntravenousAdrenalectomyAnimalsCytokine Receptor gp130EpinephrineFemaleHyperalgesiaInterleukin-6MaleMyalgiaOligodeoxyribonucleotides, AntisensePregnancyRatsReceptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type IStress, PsychologicalCytokine Receptor gp130EpinephrineInterleukin-6Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, AntisenseReceptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type ITumor Necrosis Factor-alphaIL-6myalgianeonatal limited beddingnociceptorssound stressTNFα

Identifiers

PMID23706525
PMCPMC3760993
OpenAlexW2068301455

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.