ArticlePloS one2013
Detecting spatial-temporal clusters of HFMD from 2007 to 2011 in Shandong Province, China.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Epidemiology of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in Asia: A Systematic Review and Analysis.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2016Pooled it
- Coxsackievirus A6 was the predominant pathogen of hand, foot, and mouth disease with frequent recombination and mutations in Shandong Province, 2023.Virus evolution · 2026Article
- West-to-East transmission clusters and meteorological associations for severe hand foot and mouth disease in Shandong Province: a geospatial and GAM analysis.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Risk factor for gametocyte carriage and gametocytemia in Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2025Article
- Analyzing the spatiotemporal effects of meteorological factors on hand, foot and mouth disease using mixed geographically and temporally weighted autoregressive models.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Exploring the spatiotemporal effects of meteorological factors on hand, foot and mouth disease: a multiscale geographically and temporally weighted regression study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Epidemiological characteristics and temporal-spatial clustering analysis on human brucellosis in Jiangsu Province, 2006-2021.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Spatio-temporal trends of malaria incidence from 2011 to 2017 and environmental predictors of malaria transmission in Myanmar.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2023Article
- Geographical characteristics and influencing factors of the influenza epidemic in Hubei, China, from 2009 to 2019.PloS one · 2023Article
- Epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal patterns of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Hubei, China from 2009 to 2019.PloS one · 2023Article
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- Particulate matter exposure predicts residence in high-risk areas for community acquired pneumonia among hospitalized children.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2021Article
- Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Influenza-Like Illness and Prediction of Incidence in High-Risk Regions in the United States from 2011 to 2020.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Women's cancers in China: a spatio-temporal epidemiology analysis.BMC women's health · 2021Article
- Spatiotemporal characteristics and meteorological determinants of hand, foot and mouth disease in Shaanxi Province, China: a county-level analysis.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Article
- Spatial and spatio-temporal analysis of malaria cases in Zimbabwe.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2020Article
- Influence of temperature and humidity on hand, foot, and mouth disease in Guangzhou, 2013-2017.The Journal of international medical research · 2020Article
- Notifiable Respiratory Infectious Diseases in China: A Spatial-Temporal Epidemiology Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Epidemiological characteristics and spatial-temporal clusters of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Qingdao City, China, 2013-2018.PloS one · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) has caused major public health concerns worldwide, and has become one of the leading causes of children death. China is the most serious epidemic area with a total of 3,419,149 reported cases just from 2008 to 2010, and its different geographic areas might have different spatial epidemiology characteristics at different spatial-temporal scale levels. We conducted spatial and spatial-temporal epidemiology analysis to HFMD at county level in Shandong Province, China.
methodsBased on the China National Disease Surveillance Reporting and Management System, the spatial-temporal database of HFMD from 2007 to 2011 was built. The global autocorrelation statistic (Moran's I) was first used to detect the spatial autocorrelation of HFMD cases in each year. Purely Spatial scan statistics combined with Space-time scan statistic were used to detect epidemic clusters.
resultsThe annual average incidence rate was 93.70 per 100,000 in Shandong Province. Most HFMD cases (93.94%) were aged within 0-5 years old with an average male-to-female sex ratio 1.71, and the incidence seasonal peak was between April and July. The dominant pathogen was EV71 (47.35%), and CoxA16 (26.59%). HFMD had positive spatial autocorrelation at medium spatial scale level (county level) with higher Moran's I from 0.31 to 0.62 (P<0.001). Seven spatial-temporal clusters were detected from 2007 to 2011 in the landscape of the whole Shandong, with EV71 or CoxA16 as the dominant pathogen for most hotspots areas.
conclusionsThe spatial-temporal clusters of HFMD wandered around the whole Shandong Province during 2007 to 2011, with EV71 or CoxA16 as the dominant pathogen. These findings suggested that a real-time spatial-temporal surveillance system should be established for identifying high incidence region and conducting prevention to HFMD timely.
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