ArticleCancer research2013
Avirulent Toxoplasma gondii generates therapeutic antitumor immunity by reversing immunosuppression in the ovarian cancer microenvironment.
Article in Cancer research, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Promising effects of parasite-derived compounds on tumor regression: a systematic review of in vitro and in vivo studies.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Pooled it
- Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection, associated risk factors, and circulating IL-6 and VEGF-A levels in colorectal cancer patients: a case-control study from western Iran.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Parasite based biotherapy for cancer therapeutic strategies and preclinical applications.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Toxoplasma gondii as a drug for anti-tumor immunotherapy: mechanisms, challenges, and perspectives.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2026Review
- Parasitic Infections and Carcinogenesis: Molecular Mechanisms, Immune Modulation, and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Review
- Parasites' immunomodulators: a breakthrough in immunotherapeutics displaying antineoplastic activity against human colorectal and hepatocellular carcinoma cells.Infectious agents and cancer · 2025Article
- From pathogen to cure: exploring the antitumor potential of Toxoplasma gondii.Infectious agents and cancer · 2025Review
- Molecular mimicry between parasites and cancer: a novel approach for developing cancer vaccines and therapeutic antibodies.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Review
- The anticancer mechanisms ofCancer biology & therapy · 2024Article
- Parasites revive hope for cancer therapy.European journal of medical research · 2024Review
- Parasite-enhanced immunotherapy: transforming the "cold" tumors to "hot" battlefields.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Toxoplasma gondii infection supports the infiltration of T cells into brain tumors.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2024Article
- Mining parasites for their potential as novel therapeutic agents against cancer.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2024Review
- The opposing effect of acute and chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection on tumor development.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Toxoplasma gondii suppresses proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells by regulating their transcriptome.Cancer cell international · 2024Article
- Exploring the potential of Toxoplasma gondii in drug development and as a delivery system.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2024Review
- Article
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Reversing tumor-associated immunosuppression seems necessary to stimulate effective therapeutic immunity against lethal epithelial tumors. Here, we show this goal can be addressed using cps, an avirulent, nonreplicating uracil auxotroph strain of the parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), which preferentially invades immunosuppressive CD11c(+) antigen-presenting cells in the ovarian carcinoma microenvironment. Tumor-associated CD11c(+) cells invaded by cps were converted to immunostimulatory phenotypes, which expressed increased levels of the T-cell receptor costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86. In response to cps treatment of the immunosuppressive ovarian tumor environment, CD11c(+) cells regained the ability to efficiently cross-present antigen and prime CD8(+) T-cell responses. Correspondingly, cps treatment markedly increased tumor antigen-specific responses by CD8(+) T cells. Adoptive transfer experiments showed that these antitumor T-cell responses were effective in suppressing solid tumor development. Indeed, intraperitoneal cps treatment triggered rejection of established ID8-VegfA tumors, an aggressive xenograft model of ovarian carcinoma, also conferring a survival benefit in a related aggressive model (ID8-Defb29/Vegf-A). The therapeutic benefit of cps treatment relied on expression of IL-12, but it was unexpectedly independent of MyD88 signaling as well as immune experience with T. gondii. Taken together, our results establish that cps preferentially invades tumor-associated antigen-presenting cells and restores their ability to trigger potent antitumor CD8(+) T-cell responses. Immunochemotherapeutic applications of cps might be broadly useful to reawaken natural immunity in the highly immunosuppressive microenvironment of most solid tumors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.