ArticleArteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology2013
Plasmin promotes foam cell formation by increasing macrophage catabolism of aggregated low-density lipoprotein.
Article in Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Enhance Cholesterol Accumulation and Dysregulate Inflammatory Responses in Macrophages.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2025Article
- High-Content Microscopy Drug Screening Platform for Regulators of the Extracellular Digestion of Lipoprotein Aggregates by Macrophages.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Article
- Signaling pathways regulating the extracellular digestion of lipoprotein aggregates by macrophages.Molecular biology of the cell · 2024Article
- Angiopoietin-like protein 4/8 complex-mediated plasmin generation leads to cleavage of the complex and restoration of LPL activity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- PAI-1: A Major Player in the Vascular Dysfunction in Obstructive Sleep Apnea?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Targeting PAI-1 in Cardiovascular Disease: Structural Insights Into PAI-1 Functionality and Inhibition.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2020Review
- TLR4 (Toll-Like Receptor 4)-Dependent Signaling Drives Extracellular Catabolism of LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) Aggregates.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2020Article
- The Role of Monocytes and Macrophages in Human Atherosclerosis, Plaque Neoangiogenesis, and Atherothrombosis.Mediators of inflammation · 2019Review
- Progranulin in the hematopoietic compartment protects mice from atherosclerosis.Atherosclerosis · 2018Article
- Acidification of the intimal fluid: the perfect storm for atherogenesis.Journal of lipid research · 2015Review
- Dendritic Cell-Mediated Phagocytosis but Not Immune Activation Is Enhanced by Plasmin.PloS one · 2015Article
- Role of endosomes and lysosomes in human disease.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2014Review
- Association of non-HDL cholesterol with plaque burden and composition of culprit lesion in acute coronary syndrome. An intravascular ultrasound-virtual histology study.Indian heart journalArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe plasmin/plasminogen system is involved in atherosclerosis. However, the mechanisms by which it stimulates disease are not fully defined. A key event in atherogenesis is the deposition of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) on arterial walls where it is modified, aggregated, and retained. Macrophages are recruited to clear the lipoproteins, and they become foam cells. The goal of this study was to assess the role of plasmin in macrophage uptake of aggregated LDL and foam cell formation. APPROACH AND
resultsPlasminogen treatment of macrophages catabolizing aggregated LDL significantly accelerated foam cell formation. Macrophage interaction with aggregated LDL increased the surface expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor and plasminogen activator activity, resulting in increased ability to generate plasmin at the cell surface. The high local level of plasmin cleaves cell-associated aggregated LDL, allowing a portion of the aggregate to become sequestered in a nearly sealed, yet extracellular, acidic compartment. The low pH in the plasmin-induced compartment allows lysosomal enzymes, delivered via lysosome exocytosis, greater activity, resulting in more efficient cholesteryl ester hydrolysis and delivery of a large cholesterol load to the macrophage, thereby promoting foam cell formation.
conclusionsThese findings highlight a critical role for plasmin in the catabolism of aggregated LDL by macrophages and provide a new context for considering the atherogenic role of plasmin.
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