ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2013
β-Defensins activate human mast cells via Mas-related gene X2.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 144 citations in OpenAlex.
- EGR1 regulates degranulation and mediator release in C48/80-induced pseudo-allergic reactions.Immunologic research · 2026Article
- MRGPRX2 as a novel therapeutic target in headache.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Review
- Icatibant Acts as a Balanced Ligand of MRGPRX2 in Human Skin Mast Cells.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Mutations ofThe journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2025Review
- MRGPRX2 Mediates Mast Cell-Induced Endometriosis Pain Through the Sensitization of Sensory Neurons via Histamine/HRH1/TRPV1 Signaling Pathway.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Article
- Synthetic peptides targeting a mast cell-specific G protein-coupled receptor MRGPRB2 display anti-infective potential.Cell biomaterials · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial Peptide Signaling in Skin Diseases.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2025Review
- Mast cell activators as adjuvants for intranasal mucosal vaccines.International journal of pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Beyond the classic players: Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor member X2 role in pruritus and skin diseases.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2025Review
- Agonism of the glutamate receptor GluK2 suppresses dermal mast cell activation and cutaneous inflammation.Science translational medicine · 2024Article
- Assesment of Salivary and Serum Levels of HBD2 in Patients with Chronic Angioedema.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- A GPCR-neuropeptide axis dampens hyperactive neutrophils by promoting an alternative-like polarization during bacterial infection.Immunity · 2024Article
- The MRGPR family of receptors in immunity.Immunity · 2024Review
- MASTer cell: chief immune modulator and inductor of antimicrobial immune response.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- The development of murine bone marrow-derived mast cells expressing functional human MRGPRX2 forFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- MRGPRX2 antagonist GE1111 attenuated DNFB-induced atopic dermatitis in mice by reducing inflammatory cytokines and restoring skin integrity.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Review
- Suprabasin-derived polypeptides: SBSN(50-63) induces inflammatory response via TLR4-mediated mast cell activation.Inflammopharmacology · 2023Article
- Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Human β-defensins (hBDs) stimulate degranulation in rat peritoneal mast cells in vitro and cause increased vascular permeability in rats in vivo. In this study, we sought to determine whether hBDs activate murine and human mast cells and to delineate the mechanisms of their regulation. hBD2 and hBD3 did not induce degranulation in murine peritoneal or bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC) in vitro and had no effect on vascular permeability in vivo. By contrast, these peptides induced sustained Ca(2+) mobilization and substantial degranulation in human mast cells, with hBD3 being more potent. Pertussis toxin (PTx) had no effect on hBD-induced Ca(2+) mobilization, but La(3+) and 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (a dual inhibitor of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor and transient receptor potential channels) caused substantial inhibition of this response. Interestingly, degranulation induced by hBDs was substantially inhibited by PTx, La(3+), or 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate. Whereas human mast cells endogenously express G protein-coupled receptor, Mas-related gene X2 (MrgX2), rat basophilic leukemia, RBL-2H3 cells, and murine BMMCs do not. Silencing the expression of MrgX2 in human mast cells inhibited hBD-induced degranulation, but had no effect on anaphylatoxin C3a-induced response. Furthermore, ectopic expression of MrgX2 in RBL-2H3 and murine BMMCs rendered these cells responsive to hBDs for degranulation. This study demonstrates that hBDs activate human mast cells via MrgX2, which couples to both PTx-sensitive and insensitive signaling pathways most likely involving Gαq and Gαi to induce degranulation. Furthermore, murine mast cells are resistant to hBDs for degranulation, and this reflects the absence of MrgX2 in these cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.