ArticleNature2013
The Norway spruce genome sequence and conifer genome evolution.
Article in Nature, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 678 papers.
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Who cites it
678 citing papers in PubMed, 1,528 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
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- From water to land: evolution of tRNA gene repertoires in photosynthetic organisms.The EMBO journal · 2026Review
- Archipelago architecture and evolution of paclitaxel biosynthesis revealed by the Pseudotaxus chienii haplotype-resolved genome.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A chromosome-level genome assembly of Platycladus orientalis and comparative genomics reveal pivotal roles of transposable elements in gene duplication and pseudogenization across gymnosperm giga-genomes.Plant communications · 2026Article
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- Cunninghamia lanceolata genome illuminates the evolutionary dynamics of gymnosperms.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Genomic early growth mechanisms of two endangered Mexican spruces.BMC plant biology · 2026Article
- Differential introgression of mutations reveals selection in spruce.BMC biology · 2026Article
- The first complete assembly and analysis of mitochondrial genome of Pinus thunbergii in Pinaceae.BMC plant biology · 2026Article
- Genome-Wide Identification, Expression Profiling, and microRNA397-Mediated Regulation of Laccase Genes inPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Integrative linkage mapping and transcriptomic profiling uncover ozone-response modules in a peri-urban forest tree.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- A lipid droplet - plasma membrane contact site is conserved across the angiosperm lineage.Protoplasma · 2026Article
- Response of DNA methylation and gene expression to light treatments in Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.].BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Article
- Dynamic changes of endogenous hormones and transcriptome analysis reveal the regulatory mechanism of gibberellin-promoted male cone formation in Platycladus orientalis.BMC plant biology · 2026Article
618 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
56 authors at 16 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Conifers have dominated forests for more than 200 million years and are of huge ecological and economic importance. Here we present the draft assembly of the 20-gigabase genome of Norway spruce (Picea abies), the first available for any gymnosperm. The number of well-supported genes (28,354) is similar to the >100 times smaller genome of Arabidopsis thaliana, and there is no evidence of a recent whole-genome duplication in the gymnosperm lineage. Instead, the large genome size seems to result from the slow and steady accumulation of a diverse set of long-terminal repeat transposable elements, possibly owing to the lack of an efficient elimination mechanism. Comparative sequencing of Pinus sylvestris, Abies sibirica, Juniperus communis, Taxus baccata and Gnetum gnemon reveals that the transposable element diversity is shared among extant conifers. Expression of 24-nucleotide small RNAs, previously implicated in transposable element silencing, is tissue-specific and much lower than in other plants. We further identify numerous long (>10,000 base pairs) introns, gene-like fragments, uncharacterized long non-coding RNAs and short RNAs. This opens up new genomic avenues for conifer forestry and breeding.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.