Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23698357›Full record

ReviewToxins2013

Sialorrhea: anatomy, pathophysiology and treatment with emphasis on the role of botulinum toxins.

Amanda Amrita Lakraj, Narges Moghimi, Bahman Jabbari

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Toxins, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04132765 (Reliability and Construct Validity of the Turkish Version of the Drooling Impact Scale Among Children With Cerebral Palsy), which is not on this map. Cited by 54 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
54citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04132765 unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

Reliability and Construct Validity of the Turkish Version of the Drooling Impact Scale Among Children With Cerebral Palsy

TypeobservationalSponsorMarmara UniversityRan2019 to 2020Enrolled30ConditionsHypersalivation, Cerebral PalsyArmsDrooling Impact Scale, Drooling Frequency and Severity Scale, The Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities (CPCHILD™), Drooling Quotient (DQ), Patient and caregiver visual analog scale (VAS) for drooling
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

54 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Hypersalivation: update of the German S2k guideline (AWMF) in short form.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2019
    Guideline
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Observational
  14. An unusual stroke chameleon: acute isolated sialorrhea.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Amanda Amrita LakrajDepartment of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. amanda.lakraj@yale.edu
Narges Moghimi
Bahman Jabbari

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sialorrhea or excessive drooling is a major issue in children with cerebral palsy and adults with neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, we describe the clinical features, anatomy and physiology of sialorrhea, as well as a review of the world literature on medical treatment using Yale University's search engine; including but not limited to Medline and Erasmus. Level of drug efficacy is defined according to the guidelines of American Academy of Neurology. Current medical management is unsatisfactory. Topical agents (scopolamine and tropicamide) and oral agents (glyccopyrolate) combined render a level B evidence (probably effective); however, this treatment is associated with troublesome side effects. Double-blind and placebo-controlled studies of botulinum toxin (BoNT) provide a level A evidence for type B (two class I studies; effective and established) and both overall and individual B level of evidence for OnabotulinumtoxinA (A/Ona) and AbobotulinumtoxinA (A/Abo); these are probably effective. For IncobotulinumtoxinA (A/Inco), the level of evidence is U (insufficient) due to lack of blinded studies. Side effects are uncommon; transient and comparable between the two types of toxin. A clinical note at the end of this review comments on fine clinical points. Administration of BoNTs into salivary glands is currently the most effective way of treating sialorrhea.

Indexed as

Botulinum ToxinsCholinergic AntagonistsHumansSialorrheaBotulinum ToxinsCholinergic Antagonists

Identifiers

PMID23698357
PMCPMC3709276

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.