Trial reportThe New England journal of medicine2013
Results of initial low-dose computed tomographic screening for lung cancer.
Trial report in The New England journal of medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 558 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
National Lung Screening Trial A Randomized Trial Comparing Low-dose Helical CT With Chest Xray for Lung Cancer
Low Dose Computed Tomography Screening Study in Non-smokers with Risk Factors for Lung Cancer in Taiwan
Comparison of Preoperative CT Scan Guided and Intraoperative Hybrid DynaCT Scan-Guided Small Lung Tumor Localization: A Randomized Study
Taiwan Real-world Low-dose Computed Tomography Screening behavIor and Outcome Research for High Risk Subjects Based on Health Promotion Administration-part A: Questionnaire Survey -Part B: LDCT Screening Outcome and Management
Who cites it
558 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,072 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative diagnostic accuracy of radiomics, deep learning, and hybrid AI for invasiveness stratification of pulmonary ground-glass nodules: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Development of the Korean Association for Lung Cancer Clinical Practice Guidelines: Recommendations on Radial Probe Endobronchial Ultrasound for Diagnosing Lung Cancer - An Updated Meta-Analysis.Cancer research and treatment · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Lung Cancer Screening With Low-Dose Computed Tomography.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2023Pooled it
- Impact of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening on lung cancer-related mortality.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Lung cancer risk prediction models based on pulmonary nodules: A systematic review.Thoracic cancer · 2022Pooled it
- Nomogram based on clinical characteristics and radiological features for the preoperative prediction of spread through air spaces in patients with clinical stage IA non-small cell lung cancer: a multicenter study.Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey) · 2023Trial
- Utilization of Diagnostic Procedures After Lung Cancer Screening in the National Lung Screening Trial.Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR · 2023Trial
- A novel, accurate, and non-invasive liquid biopsy test to measure cellular immune responses as a tool to diagnose early-stage lung cancer: a clinical trials study.Respiratory research · 2023Trial
- Detection of early-stage lung cancer in sputum using automated flow cytometry and machine learning.Respiratory research · 2023Trial
- Letter to the Editor: An ultra-sensitive assay using cell-free DNA fragmentomics for multi-cancer early detection.Molecular cancer · 2022Trial
- Early Detection Initiative: A randomized controlled trial of algorithm-based screening in patients with new onset hyperglycemia and diabetes for early detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Contemporary clinical trials · 2022Trial
- Article
- Refining Lung Cancer Care: The Emerging Role of Liquid Biopsy in Screening, Diagnosis, and Precision Oncology.Cancers · 2026Review
- Is Thoracic Computed Tomography Imaging Sufficient for Evaluating a Solitary Pulmonary Nodule?Journal of chest surgery · 2026Article
- Few-Shot Lung Cancer Classification via Electronic Nose Using Large Language Models: A Multicentre Prospective Study.Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2026Article
- Positive predictive value metrics for multicancer detection tests.Journal of medical screening · 2026Article
- Marginal benefit of segmentectomy over lobectomy in minimally invasive surgery for stage IA lung cancer.Translational lung cancer research · 2026Article
- Comparison of diagnostic yield between electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy-guided forceps biopsy and target-fixing technique-assisted RP-EBUS-guided transbronchial cryobiopsy with a guide sheath for peripheral lung lesions.Translational lung cancer research · 2026Article
- Thirty-year changes and future tendencies in Asian burden of tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer: insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
498 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLung cancer is the largest contributor to mortality from cancer. The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) showed that screening with low-dose helical computed tomography (CT) rather than with chest radiography reduced mortality from lung cancer. We describe the screening, diagnosis, and limited treatment results from the initial round of screening in the NLST to inform and improve lung-cancer-screening programs.
methodsAt 33 U.S. centers, from August 2002 through April 2004, we enrolled asymptomatic participants, 55 to 74 years of age, with a history of at least 30 pack-years of smoking. The participants were randomly assigned to undergo annual screening, with the use of either low-dose CT or chest radiography, for 3 years. Nodules or other suspicious findings were classified as positive results. This article reports findings from the initial screening examination.
resultsA total of 53,439 eligible participants were randomly assigned to a study group (26,715 to low-dose CT and 26,724 to chest radiography); 26,309 participants (98.5%) and 26,035 (97.4%), respectively, underwent screening. A total of 7191 participants (27.3%) in the low-dose CT group and 2387 (9.2%) in the radiography group had a positive screening result; in the respective groups, 6369 participants (90.4%) and 2176 (92.7%) had at least one follow-up diagnostic procedure, including imaging in 5717 (81.1%) and 2010 (85.6%) and surgery in 297 (4.2%) and 121 (5.2%). Lung cancer was diagnosed in 292 participants (1.1%) in the low-dose CT group versus 190 (0.7%) in the radiography group (stage 1 in 158 vs. 70 participants and stage IIB to IV in 120 vs. 112). Sensitivity and specificity were 93.8% and 73.4% for low-dose CT and 73.5% and 91.3% for chest radiography, respectively.
conclusionsThe NLST initial screening results are consistent with the existing literature on screening by means of low-dose CT and chest radiography, suggesting that a reduction in mortality from lung cancer is achievable at U.S. screening centers that have staff experienced in chest CT. (Funded by the National Cancer Institute; NLST ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00047385.).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.