ReviewMucosal immunology2013
Microfold (M) cells: important immunosurveillance posts in the intestinal epithelium.
Review in Mucosal immunology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 345 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
345 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 651 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mucosal immunity and vaccine development.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Pooled it
- Mucosal immune response in biology, disease prevention and treatment.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Oral high-dose sucrosomial iron vs intravenous iron in sideropenic anemia patients intolerant/refractory to iron sulfate: a multicentric randomized study.Annals of hematology · 2021Trial
- ZeOxaNMulti Trial: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Oral PMA-zeolite to prevent Chemotherapy-Induced Side Effects, in particular, Peripheral Neuropathy.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Trial
- Barrier immune memory is programmed by intestinal epithelial cell presentation of cytosol-delivered bacterial antigens.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Review
- Concerted changes in the pediatric single-cell intestinal ecosystem before and after anti-TNF blockade.eLife · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota Alterations in People Living With HIV: Dysbiosis, Immune Dysfunction and Therapeutic Perspectives.Reviews in medical virology · 2026Review
- Peyer's patch M cells organize an epithelial niche that sustains group 3 innate lymphoid cells and IL-22.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Food: Dietary Toxicology Beyond Particle Counts.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2026Review
- Intestinal Epithelial MHC-II at the Interface of Microbiota, Immunity, and Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A novel cross-species vaccine design and nasal immunization strategy based on recombinantApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Pglyrp1-Cre marks distinct epithelial and immune lineages across mucosal sites.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Article
- Micro- and Nanoplastics as Emerging Drivers of Liver Injury: Exposure, Evidence, and Mechanisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Lessons on multicellular two- (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) culture in parasitology: Insights, challenges and future directions.International journal for parasitology · 2026Review
- Colonic epithelial regeneration shapes susceptibility tobioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- An HHEX/IKKα positive feedback loop promotes intestinal inflammation.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Aged Gut Microbiota Induces Mucosal Transcriptional Dysregulation, Impairing Immune Surveillance.Aging cell · 2026Article
- Tenofovir, Interferon Pathways, and Mucosal Immunity: Implications for People Living With HIV.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
285 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The transcytosis of antigens across the gut epithelium by microfold cells (M cells) is important for the induction of efficient immune responses to some mucosal antigens in Peyer's patches. Recently, substantial progress has been made in our understanding of the factors that influence the development and function of M cells. This review highlights these important advances, with particular emphasis on: the host genes which control the functional maturation of M cells; how this knowledge has led to the rapid advance in our understanding of M-cell biology in the steady state and during aging; molecules expressed on M cells which appear to be used as "immunosurveillance" receptors to sample pathogenic microorganisms in the gut; how certain pathogens appear to exploit M cells to infect the host; and finally how this knowledge has been used to specifically target antigens to M cells to attempt to improve the efficacy of mucosal vaccines.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.