ReviewCytokine2013
Cytokine synergy: an underappreciated contributor to innate anti-viral immunity.
Review in Cytokine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed.
- The role of soluble mediators in the clinical course of EBV infection and B cell homeostasis after kidney transplantation.Scientific reports · 2020Trial
- Latent inflammatory activity is associated with alterations in iron bioavailability during early postpartum adaptation in dairy cows.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Cytokines of Children With Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Caused by Influenza A After COVID-19.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2026Article
- A comparative study on proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-17A and interleukin-17F expressions in whole blood of patients with COVID-19.Iranian journal of microbiology · 2025Article
- Interleukin-1 type 1 receptor blockade attenuates the exaggerated exercise pressor reflex in male UC Davis type 2 diabetic mellitus rats.The Journal of physiology · 2025Article
- The impact ofCellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Article
- Inflammatory, Functional, and Compositional Changes of the Uterine Immune Microenvironment in a Lymphangioleiomyomatosis Mouse Model.Journal of cellular immunology · 2025Article
- Review
- Time-series blood cytokine profiles correlate with treatment responses in triple-negative breast cancer patients.British journal of cancer · 2024Article
- A pairwise cytokine code explains the organism-wide response to sepsis.Nature immunology · 2024Article
- MicroRNA-194 regulates parasitic load and IL-1β-dependent nitric oxide production in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of dogs with leishmaniasis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- The role of mir-197-3p in regulating the tight junction permeability of celiac disease patients under gluten free diet.Molecular biology reports · 2023Article
- Blood filtering system for COVID-19 management: novel modality of the cytokine storm therapeutics.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Role of cytokines in poxvirus host tropism and adaptation.Current opinion in virology · 2022Review
- Pathogenic role of cytokines in COVID-19, its association with contributing co-morbidities and possible therapeutic regimens.Inflammopharmacology · 2022Review
- Cytokines and microRNAs in SARS-CoV-2: What do we know?Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2022Review
- Critical role of nitric oxide in impeding COVID-19 transmission and prevention: a promising possibility.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Review
- COVID-19 and the role of cytokines in this disease.Inflammopharmacology · 2022Review
- Biological Role, Mechanism of Action and the Importance of Interleukins in Kidney Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- COVID-19 in pediatrics: Genetic susceptibility.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor and the members of the interferon family, are potent mediators of the innate anti-viral immune response. The intracellular anti-viral states resulting from treatment of cultured cells with each of these molecules independently has been well studied; but, within complex tissues, the early inflammatory response is likely mediated by simultaneously expressed mixtures of these, and other, protective anti-viral cytokines. Such cytokine mixtures have been shown to induce potently synergistic anti-viral responses in vitro which are more complex than the simple summation of the individual cytokine response profiles. The physiological role of this 'cytokine synergy', however, remains largely unappreciated in vivo. This brief commentary will attempt to summarize the potential effects and mechanisms of anti-viral cytokine synergy as well as present several 'real-world' applications where this phenomenon might play an important role.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.