ArticlePloS one2013
Aerobic capacity reference data in 3816 healthy men and women 20-90 years.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT05131217 (Effects of Acute Exercise Intensity on Cerebral Blood Flow and Cognitive Function in Older Adults), which is not on this map. Cited by 94 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Acute Exercise Intensity on Cerebral Blood Flow and Cognitive Function in Older Adults
Who cites it
94 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 210 citations in OpenAlex.
- Size Exponents for Scaling Maximal Oxygen Uptake in Over 6500 Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2017Pooled it
- Long-Term Effects of a 5-Year Randomized Controlled Exercise Trial on Brain Volumes and Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A 4-Year Post-Intervention Follow-Up Study.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Trial
- Ventilatory Thresholds Differences According to Aerobic Fitness Level in 1450 Males and 241 Females on Cycle-Ergometer: A Cross-Sectional Study.European journal of sport science · 2025Trial
- Differences in the ventilatory thresholds in treadmill according to training status in 971 males and 301 females: a cross-sectional study.European journal of applied physiology · 2025Trial
- Aerobic Training for Healthy Men and Women: Determining Intensities by Different Equations.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Effect of 5 Years of Exercise Intervention at Different Intensities on Brain Structure in Older Adults from the General Population: A Generation 100 Substudy.Clinical interventions in aging · 2021Trial
- Effect of physical fitness on colorectal tumor development in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis.Medicine · 2019Trial
- Cardiovascular, muscular, and skeletal adaptations to recreational team handball training: a randomized controlled trial with young adult untrained men.European journal of applied physiology · 2019Trial
- Do weather changes influence physical activity level among older adults? - The Generation 100 study.PloS one · 2018Trial
- Robot-Assisted End-Effector-Based Stair Climbing for Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: Feasibility, Reliability, and Repeatability.PloS one · 2016Trial
- High-intensity interval training in patients with substance use disorder.BioMed research international · 2014Trial
- Description of age- and sex-specific reference values for cardiorespiratory fitness in healthy ethnic Kazakh adults: a cross-sectional study.Future science OA · 2026Article
- Cardiorespiratory Fitness Reference Standards and Prognostic Stratification in Chinese Patients With Cardiovascular Disease.JACC. Asia · 2026Article
- Anterior Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus Microstructure Correlates With Bimanual Visuomotor Performance in Healthy Younger but Not Older Adults.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Article
- A Lasting Legacy: Long-Term Effects of Exercise Training on Cardiometabolic Health in the STRRIDE-Prediabetes Reunion Study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Insulin resistance and metabolic health predict cardiorespiratory fitness: cohort study.European heart journal open · 2026Article
- Article
- Maternal cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with metabolic hormone concentrations in human milk.Npj exercise medicine and health · 2026Article
- Article
- Comparative analysis of physical fitness and body composition in first-year bachelor sports sciences students from France and Portugal.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2025Article
34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo provide a large reference material on aerobic fitness and exercise physiology data in a healthy population of Norwegian men and women aged 20-90 years.
methodsMaximal and sub maximal levels of VO2, heart rate, oxygen pulse, and rating of perceived exertion (Borg scale: 6-20) were measured in 1929 men and 1881 women during treadmill running.
resultsThe highest VO2max and maximal heart rate among men and women were observed in the youngest age group (20-29 years) and was 54.4±8.4 mL·kg(-1)·min(-1) and 43.0±7.7 mL·kg(-1)·min(-1) (sex differences, p<0.001) and 196±10 beats·min(-1) and 194±9 beats·min(-1) (sex differences, p<0.05), respectively, with a subsequent reduction of approximately 3.5 mL·kg(-1)·min(-1) and 6 beats·min(-1) per decade. The highest oxygen pulses were observed in the 3 youngest age groups (20-29 years, 30-39 years, 40-49 years) among men and women; 22.3 mL·beat(-1)±3.6 and 14.7 mL·beat(-1)±2.7 (sex differences, p<0.001), respectively, with no significant difference between these age groups. After the age of 50 we observed an 8% reduction per decade among both sexes. Borg scores appear to give a good estimate of the relative exercise intensity, although observing a slightly different relationship than reported in previous reference material from small populations.
conclusionThis is the largest European reference material of objectively measured parameters of aerobic fitness and exercise-physiology in healthy men and women aged 20-90 years, forming the basis for an easily accessible, valid and understandable tool for improved training prescription in healthy men and women.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.