ArticleAnnals of internal medicine2013
Effect of age, tumor risk, and comorbidity on competing risks for survival in a U.S. population-based cohort of men with prostate cancer.
Article in Annals of internal medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
82 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Risk factors for incidental prostate cancer following surgery for benign prostatic enlargement: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Trial
- Evolving therapies, persistent gaps: a real-world look at survival trends in metastatic prostate cancer.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2026Article
- An overlooked opportunity? SBRT + ADT for aggressive prostate cancer in the elderly.Clinical and translational radiation oncology · 2026Article
- Early-Onset Prostate Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Biology, Clinical Features, Management, and Early Detection.MedComm · 2026Review
- Racial and ethnic differences in valuation of life expectancy in prostate cancer treatment decision making.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2026Article
- Life expectancy estimation in older men using the prostate cancer comorbidity index in VA & SEER-Medicare cohorts.Age and ageing · 2026Observational
- Commentary: Impact of prognostic nutritional index and geriatric nutritional risk index on prognosis in elderly patients with early-stage prostate cancer.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Prostate Cancer: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment.Serican journal of medicine · 2026Article
- Long-term prostate cancer survival outcomes including patterns of death in men >=75 years of age treated with low dose rate brachytherapy.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Prognostic Role of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) in male patients hospitalized for COVID-19.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Adaption of the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Nomograms for the Prediction of Prostate Cancer-specific Death in Sweden: A Population-based Cohort Study.European urology open science · 2025Article
- Prostate cancer in people with HIV.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Patient Reported Outcomes and Treatment-Associated Complications as a Consideration in Selecting Localized Prostate Cancer Management.Research and reports in urology · 2025Review
- Metformin Against Herpes Zoster in Colon Cancer Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A PSM Analysis.Journal of Cancer · 2025Article
- Homologous Recombination Repair Gene Mutations in Prostate Cancer: Prevalence and Clinical Value.Advances in therapy · 2024Review
- Value-based payment models and management of newly diagnosed prostate cancer.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- Validation of the prostate cancer comorbidity index in predicting cause-specific mortality in men undergoing radical prostatectomy.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2023Article
- Machine Learning and Radiomics of Bone Scintigraphy: Their Role in Predicting Recurrence of Localized or Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Comorbidity burden and health-related quality of life in men with advanced prostate cancer.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2023Observational
22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAccurate estimation of life expectancy is essential to offering appropriate care to men with early-stage prostate cancer, but mortality risks associated with comorbidity are poorly defined.
objectiveTo determine the effect of age, comorbidity, and tumor risk on other-cause and prostate cancer-specific mortality in men with early-stage disease.
designProspective cohort study.
settingA nationally representative, population-based cohort. PATIENTS: 3183 men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer at diagnosis. MEASUREMENTS: Baseline self-reported comorbidity (scored as a count of 12 major comorbid conditions), tumor characteristics, initial treatment, and overall and disease-specific mortality through 14 years of follow-up. Survival analyses that accounted for competing risks were performed.
resultsFourteen-year cumulative other-cause mortality rates were 24%, 33%, 46%, and 57% for men with 0, 1, 2, and 3 or more comorbid conditions, respectively. For men diagnosed at age 65 years, subhazard ratios for other-cause mortality among those with 1, 2, or 3 or more comorbid conditions (vs. none) were 1.2 (95% CI, 1.0 to 1.4), 1.7 (CI, 1.4 to 2.0), and 2.4 (CI, 2.0 to 2.8), respectively. Among men with 3 or more comorbid conditions, 10-year other-cause mortality rates were 26%, 40%, and 71% for those aged 60 years or younger, 61 to 74 years, and 75 years or older at diagnosis, respectively. Prostate cancer-specific mortality was minimal in patients with low-risk (3%) and intermediate-risk (7%) disease but appreciable in those with high-risk disease (18%) and did not vary by number of comorbid conditions (10% to 11% in all groups). LIMITATION: Comorbid conditions were self-reported.
conclusionOlder men with multiple major comorbid conditions are at high risk for other-cause mortality within 10 years of diagnosis and should consider this information when deciding between conservative management and aggressive treatment for low- or intermediate-risk prostate cancer. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: National Cancer Institute.
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