Trial reportAmerican journal of preventive medicine2013
Problem behavior and urban, low-income youth: a randomized controlled trial of positive action in Chicago.
Trial report in American journal of preventive medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01025674 (Positive Action for Social and Character Development), which is not on this map. Cited by 17 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Positive Action for Social and Character Development
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Individual-, family-, and school-level interventions targeting multiple risk behaviours in young people.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The WHO Health Promoting School framework for improving the health and well-being of students and their academic achievement.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014Pooled it
- Preventing Peer Violence Against Children: Methods and Baseline Data of a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial in Pakistan.Global health, science and practice · 2017Trial
- Effects of a School-Based Social-Emotional and Character Development Program on Health Behaviors: A Matched-Pair, Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.The journal of primary prevention · 2016Trial
- Effects of Positive Action on the emotional health of urban youth: a cluster-randomized trial.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2013Trial
- School-Based Interventions for Reducing Disciplinary School Exclusion. An Updated Systematic Review.Campbell systematic reviews · 2025Review
- Associations Between Early Life Adversity and Youth Psychobiological Outcomes: Dimensional and Person-Centered Approaches.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2023Article
- Effectiveness of school-based programs to reduce bullying perpetration and victimization: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Campbell systematic reviews · 2021Review
- A Strategic Plan for Strengthening America's Families: A Brief from the Coalition of Behavioral Science Organizations.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2020Review
- School-based interventions for reducing disciplinary school exclusion: a systematic review.Campbell systematic reviews · 2018Article
- A Longitudinal Evaluation of the Positive Action Program in a Low-Income, Racially Diverse, Rural County: Effects on Self-Esteem, School Hassles, Aggression, and Internalizing Symptoms.Journal of youth and adolescence · 2015Article
- Teachers' Perceptions of School Organizational Climate as Predictors of Dosage and Quality of Implementation of a Social-Emotional and Character Development Program.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2015Article
- Interventions on bullying and cyberbullying in schools: a systematic review.Clinical practice and epidemiology in mental health : CP & EMH · 2015Article
- SOCIO-EMOTIONAL AND CHARACTER DEVELOPMENT: A Theoretical Orientation.Journal of character educationArticle
- Childhood Protective Factors and a Prevention Program Reduce Later Problem Behaviors.Journal of applied developmental psychologyArticle
- Effects of theApplied developmental scienceArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundYouth problem behaviors remain a public health issue. Youth in low-income, urban areas are particularly at risk for engaging in aggressive, violent, and disruptive behaviors. PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of a school-based social-emotional learning and health promotion program on problem behaviors and related attitudes among low-income, urban youth.
designA matched-pair, cluster RCT. SETTING/
participantsParticipants were drawn from 14 Chicago Public Schools over a 6-year period of program delivery with outcomes assessed for a cohort of youth followed from Grades 3 to 8. Data were collected from Fall 2004 to Spring 2010, and analyzed in Spring 2012.
interventionThe Positive Action program includes a scoped and sequenced K-12 classroom curriculum with six components: self-concept, social and emotional positive actions for managing oneself responsibly, and positive actions directed toward physical and mental health, honesty, getting along with others, and continually improving oneself. The program also includes teacher, counselor, family, and community training as well as activities directed toward schoolwide climate development.
main outcome measuresYouth reported on their normative beliefs in support of aggression and on their bullying, disruptive, and violent behaviors; parents rated youths' bullying behaviors and conduct problems; schoolwide data on disciplinary referrals and suspensions were obtained from school records.
resultsMultilevel growth-curve modeling analyses conducted on completion of the trial indicated that Positive Action mitigated increases over time in (1) youth reports of normative beliefs supporting aggressive behaviors and of engaging in disruptive behavior and bullying (girls only) and (2) parent reports of youth bullying behaviors (boys only). At study end-point, students in Positive Action schools also reported a lower rate of violence-related behavior than students in control schools. Schoolwide findings indicated positive program effects on both disciplinary referrals and suspensions. Program effect sizes ranged from -0.26 to -0.68.
conclusionsThese results extend evidence of the effectiveness of the Positive Action program to low-income, minority, urban school settings, and to middle school-aged youth.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.