ArticleAmerican journal of public health2013
Early life exposure to the 1918 influenza pandemic and old-age mortality by cause of death.
Article in American journal of public health, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of disasters, including pandemics, on cardiometabolic outcomes across the life-course: a systematic review.BMJ open · 2021Pooled it
- Early-life infectious disease exposure, the "hygiene hypothesis," and lifespan: Evidence from hookworm disease.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Centenarians, semi and supercentenarians, COVID-19 and Spanish flu: a serological assessment to gain insight into the resilience of older centenarians to COVID-19.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2024Article
- Article
- Barriers to and solutions for representative inclusion across the lifespan and in life course research: The need for structural competency highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of clinical and translational science · 2023Review
- Distinct Cellular Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Pregnant Women.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Article
- The impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular health behaviors in student veterans.Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 2022Article
- Colorectal Cancer Screening: Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic and Possible Consequences.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Will prenatal exposure to SARS-CoV-2 define a birth cohort with accelerated aging in the century ahead?Journal of developmental origins of health and disease · 2021Review
- SARS-CoV-2: lessons from both the history of medicine and from the biological behavior of other well-known viruses.Future microbiology · 2021Review
- Is the 2003 SARS epidemic over? Long-term effects of epidemic exposure on mortality among older adults.China economic review · 2021Article
- Epidemics and trust: The case of the Spanish Flu.Health economics · 2021Article
- The interplay between HIV and COVID-19: summary of the data and responses to date.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2021Review
- Persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection and the risk for cancer.Medical hypotheses · 2020Article
- Effects of a natural disaster on mortality risks over the longer term.Nature sustainability · 2020Article
- Were there long-term economic effects of exposure to polio vaccination? An analysis of migrants to Sweden 1946-2003.SSM - population health · 2020Article
- Multigenerational Effects of Early-Life Health Shocks.Demography · 2019Article
- The Long-Lasting Influenza: The Impact of Fetal Stress During the 1918 Influenza Pandemic on Socioeconomic Attainment and Health in Sweden, 1968-2012.Demography · 2019Article
- Early-Life Assets in Oldest-Old Age: Evidence From Primary Care Reform in Early Twentieth Century Sweden.Demography · 2019Article
- 1918 Influenza Pandemic: In Utero Exposure in the United States and Long-Term Impact on Hospitalizations.American journal of public health · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesWe sought to analyze how early exposure to the 1918 influenza pandemic is associated with old-age mortality by cause of death.
methodsWe analyzed the National Health Interview Survey (n = 81,571; follow-up 1989-2006; 43,808 deaths) and used year and quarter of birth to assess timing of pandemic exposure. We used Cox proportional and Fine-Gray competing hazard models for all-cause and cause-specific mortality, respectively.
resultsCohorts born during pandemic peaks had excess all-cause mortality attributed to increased noncancer mortality. We found evidence for a trade-off between noncancer and cancer causes: cohorts with high noncancer mortality had low cancer mortality, and vice versa.
conclusionsEarly disease exposure increases old-age mortality through noncancer causes, which include respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, and may trigger a trade-off in the risk of cancer and noncancer causes. Potential mechanisms include inflammation or apoptosis. The findings contribute to our understanding of the causes of death behind the early disease exposure-later mortality association. The cancer-noncancer trade-off is potentially important for understanding the mechanisms behind these associations.
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