SynthesisBulletin of the World Health Organization2013
Viral suppression after 12 months of antiretroviral therapy in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 88 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Single-blind, Randomized, Parallel Design Study to Assess the Effectiveness of SMS Reminders in Improving ART Adherence Among Adolescents Living With HIV in Nigeria (STARTA Trial-Adolescents)
Outcomes of Differentiated Models of Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) Provision: Multi-Month Dispensing (MMD) of ART in Community ART Distribution for Stable HIV Infected Patients
Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Virologic failure and its determinants among HIV patients progress towards the third 95% global target in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Long-term Virological Outcomes of First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV-1 in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2015Pooled it
- Geographic and temporal trends in the molecular epidemiology and genetic mechanisms of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance: an individual-patient- and sequence-level meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2015Pooled it
- Viral suppression after 12 months of antiretroviral therapy in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2013Pooled it
- Dental caries in association with viral load in children living with HIV in Phnom Penh, Cambodia: a cross-sectional study.BMC oral health · 2021Trial
- Efficacy of an enhanced linkage to HIV care intervention at improving linkage to HIV care and achieving viral suppression following home-based HIV testing in rural Uganda: study protocol for the Ekkubo/PATH cluster randomized controlled trial.BMC infectious diseases · 2017Trial
- Care cascade structural intervention versus standard of care in the diagnosis and treatment of HIV in China: a cluster-randomized controlled trial protocol.BMC health services research · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Viral load suppression and associated factors following enhanced adherence counseling among people living with HIV/AIDS.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Pulse waveform analysis in Zambian adults living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy: A cross-sectional study of vascular dysfunction.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Educational attainment and chronic HIV treatment adherence in southern and eastern Africa.PloS one · 2026Article
- Disclosure and peer support in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus: Evidence from Rwanda.World journal of virology · 2025Article
- Factors associated with viral load non-suppression among adults with HIV in Sughd region, Tajikistan: a retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- The urgent need for newer drugs in routine HIV treatment in Africa: the case of Ghana.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2025Review
- The global response to HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa: achievements, challenges, and perspectives for the future.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- Machine learning to predict virological failure among HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy in the University of Gondar Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, in Amhara Region, Ethiopia, 2022.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2023Article
- Perinatal Depressive Symptoms and Viral Non-suppression Among a Prospective Cohort of Pregnant Women Living with HIV in Nigeria, Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Article
- Trends Analysis of HIV Infection and Antiretroviral Treatment Outcome in Amhara Regional from 2015 to 2021, Northeast Ethiopia.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Article
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo establish estimates of viral suppression in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in patients who received antiretroviral therapy (ART) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
methodsData on viral suppression after 12 months of ART in LMICs were collected from articles published in 2003 to 2011 and from abstracts of conferences held between 2009 and 2011. Pooled proportions for on-treatment and intention-to-treat populations were used as summary estimates. Random-effects models were used for heterogeneous groups of studies (I (2) > 75%).
findingsOverall, 49 studies covering 48 cohorts and 30 016 individuals met the inclusion criteria. With thresholds for suppression between 300 and 500 copies of viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) per ml of plasma, 84.3% (95% confidence interval, CI: 80.4-87.9) of the pooled on-treatment population and 70.5% (95% CI: 65.2-75.6) of the intention-to-treat population showed suppression. Use of different viral RNA thresholds changed the proportions showing suppression: to 84% and 76% of the on-treatment population with thresholds set above 300 and at or below 200 RNA copies per ml, respectively, and to 78%, 71% and 63% of the intention-to-treat population at thresholds set at 1000, 300 to 500, and 200 or fewer copies per ml, respectively.
conclusionThe pooled estimates of viral suppression recorded after 12 months of ART in LMICs provide benchmarks that other ART programmes can use to set realistic goals and perform predictive modelling. Evidence from this review suggests that the current international target - i.e. viral suppression in > 70% of the intention-to-treat population, with a threshold of 1000 copies per ml - should be revised upwards.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.