ArticleJournal of virology2013
HIV populations are large and accumulate high genetic diversity in a nonlinear fashion.
Article in Journal of virology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Current ART, determinants for virologic failure and implications for HIV drug resistance: an umbrella review.AIDS research and therapy · 2023Pooled it
- Delayed Expression of PD-1 and TIGIT on HIV-Specific CD8 T Cells in Untreated HLA-B*57:01 Individuals Followed from Early Infection.Journal of virology · 2020Trial
- HIV-1 DNA decay dynamics in blood during more than a decade of suppressive antiretroviral therapy.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2014Trial
- HIV-1 compartmentalization in the central nervous system during cryptococcal meningitis: Analysis of viral, fungal, and host factors.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Longitudinal plasma proteomic signatures of elite and viremic spontaneous HIV controllers.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Single genome amplification and molecular cloning of HIV-1 populations in acute HIV-1 infection: implications for studies on HIV-1 diversity and evolutionary rate.Virus evolution · 2026Article
- The TLR7 agonist vesatolimod does not measurably induce SIV expression in macaques receiving combination antiretroviral therapy initiated during chronic infection.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Superinfection promotes replication and diversification of defective HIV-1 proviruses in people with non-suppressible viraemia.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
- The Complex Interactions Between HIV-1 and Human Host Cell Genome: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Practice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Review
- Article
- K103N, V106M and Y188L Significantly Reduce HIV-1 Subtype C Phenotypic Susceptibility to Doravirine.Viruses · 2024Article
- Advanced Therapies for Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Review
- Portable Nanopore sequencing solution for next-generation HIV drug resistance testing.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2024Article
- Development and emerging trends of drug resistance mutations in HIV: a bibliometric analysis based on CiteSpace.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Changing selection on amino acid substitutions in Gag protein between major HIV-1 subtypes.Virus evolution · 2024Article
- Broadly neutralizing antibodies targeting HIV: Progress and challenges.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2023Review
- Evolving Mutational Buildup in HIV-1 Protease Shifts Conformational Dynamics to Gain Drug Resistance.Journal of chemical information and modeling · 2023Article
- Generation and characterization of infectious molecular clones of transmitted/founder HIV-1 subtype C viruses.Virology · 2023Article
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
Abstract
HIV infection is characterized by rapid and error-prone viral replication resulting in genetically diverse virus populations. The rate of accumulation of diversity and the mechanisms involved are under intense study to provide useful information to understand immune evasion and the development of drug resistance. To characterize the development of viral diversity after infection, we carried out an in-depth analysis of single genome sequences of HIV pro-pol to assess diversity and divergence and to estimate replicating population sizes in a group of treatment-naive HIV-infected individuals sampled at single (n = 22) or multiple, longitudinal (n = 11) time points. Analysis of single genome sequences revealed nonlinear accumulation of sequence diversity during the course of infection. Diversity accumulated in recently infected individuals at rates 30-fold higher than in patients with chronic infection. Accumulation of synonymous changes accounted for most of the diversity during chronic infection. Accumulation of diversity resulted in population shifts, but the rates of change were low relative to estimated replication cycle times, consistent with relatively large population sizes. Analysis of changes in allele frequencies revealed effective population sizes that are substantially higher than previous estimates of approximately 1,000 infectious particles/infected individual. Taken together, these observations indicate that HIV populations are large, diverse, and slow to change in chronic infection and that the emergence of new mutations, including drug resistance mutations, is governed by both selection forces and drift.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.