ArticleBlood2013
Adenosine production by human B cells and B cell-mediated suppression of activated T cells.
Article in Blood, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 151 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
151 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 266 citations in OpenAlex.
- The soldiers needed to be awakened: Tumor-infiltrating immune cells.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Pooled it
- B cell analysis in SARS-CoV-2 versus malaria: Increased frequencies of plasmablasts and atypical memory B cells in COVID-19.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2021Trial
- Building an Interleukin-10-Producing Identity: How B Cells Acquire Interleukin-10 Competence and How Plasma Cell Differentiation Consolidates This Program.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Review
- Compensatory relationships determine the impact of TGF-β on the humoral immune response to hepatitis B surface antigen.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Expression and prognostic impact of CD73 in classical Hodgkin lymphoma.Annals of hematology · 2026Article
- Review
- Disrupting CD22-cis-ligand interactions ameliorates type 1 diabetes and graft rejection by expanding regulatory B cells.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Adenosine-Specific Transcriptional Programs in Murine Connective Tissue-Type Mast Cells.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Article
- CD39 in the pathogenesis of neuro-Behçet disease: is it an immune regulator marker?Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Dynamic regulation of hypoxia-associated regulatory CD39Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Regulatory B cells: heterogeneity, immunosuppressive networks, and contributions to autoimmune pathogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- First evidence of Tityus confluens Borelli, 1899 (Buthidae) venom altering purine metabolism in rat blood cells.Purinergic signalling · 2025Article
- The recent progress of tumor cell-derived exosomes in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapeutic strategies of tumors.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Clostridioides difficile meets the adenosine system: the art of manipulating host homeostasis.Journal of biomedical science · 2025Review
- Therapeutic potential of CD73Histology and histopathology · 2025Review
- Adenosine-generating CD39Life science alliance · 2025Article
- Human naïve B cells show evidence of anergy and clonal redemption following vaccination.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Biology of extracellular vesicles and the potential of tumor-derived vesicles for subverting immunotherapy of cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Review
- Multi-dimensional analysis of B cells reveals the expansion of memory and regulatory B-cell clusters in humans living in rural tropical areas.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2025Article
91 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Antibody-independent role of B cells in modulating T-cell responses is incompletely understood. Freshly isolated or cultured B cells isolated from the peripheral blood of 30 normal donors were evaluated for CD39 and CD73 coexpression, the ability to produce adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) and adenosine (ADO) in the presence of exogenous adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as well as A₁, A2A, A2B, and A₃ adenosine receptor (ADOR) expression. Human circulating B cells coexpress ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73, hydrolyze exogenous ATP to 5'-AMP and ADO, and express messenger RNA for A₁R, A2AR, and A₃R. 2-chloroadenosine inhibited B-cell proliferation and cytokine expression, and only A₃R selective antagonist restored B-cell functions. This suggested that B cells use the A₃R for autocrine signaling and self-regulation. Mediated effects on B-cell growth ± ADOR antagonists or agonists were tested in carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester assays. In cocultures, resting B cells upregulated functions of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells. However, in vitro-activated B cells downregulated CD73 expression, mainly produced 5'-AMP, and inhibited T-cell proliferation and cytokine production. These B cells acquire the ability to restrict potentially harmful effects of activated T cells. Thus, B cells emerge as a key regulatory component of T cell-B cell interactions, and their dual regulatory activity is mediated by the products of ATP hydrolysis, 5'-AMP, and ADO.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.