ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2013
Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and risk of upper respiratory tract infection in children and adolescents.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 142 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Association between Serum Vitamin D Levels and Urinary Tract Infection Risk in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Non-skeletal health effects of vitamin D supplementation: A systematic review on findings from meta-analyses summarizing trial data.PloS one · 2017Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effects of Maternal Vitamin D Supplementation During Pregnancy and Lactation on Infant Acute Respiratory Infections: Follow-up of a Randomized Trial in Bangladesh.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2021Trial
- Vitamin D and Lung Outcomes in Elderly COVID-19 Patients.Nutrients · 2021Trial
- Effect of Vitamin D supplementation to reduce respiratory infections in children and adolescents in Vietnam: A randomized controlled trial.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2019Trial
- Impact of two oral doses of 100,000 IU of vitamin DTrials · 2019Trial
- Effect of Higher vs Standard Dosage of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Bone Strength and Infection in Healthy Infants: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA pediatrics · 2018Trial
- Vitamin D Status and Immune Health Outcomes in a Cross-Sectional Study and a Randomized Trial of Healthy Young Children.Nutrients · 2018Trial
- The effect of vitamin D and calcium supplementation in pediatric steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Maternal vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and lactation to prevent acute respiratory infections in infancy in Dhaka, Bangladesh (MDARI trial): protocol for a prospective cohort study nested within a randomized controlled trial.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2016Trial
- Vitamin D status is associated with mortality, morbidity, and growth failure among a prospective cohort of HIV-infected and HIV-exposed Tanzanian infants.The Journal of nutrition · 2015Trial
- Vitamin D, virus etiology, and atopy in first-time wheezing children in Finland.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2014Trial
- Impact of Vitamin D Supplementation on Hospitalizations for Infection: Results of the D-Health Trial Revisited.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Association between serum vitamin D concentrations and Life's Essential 8 score in American adolescents.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2025Article
- Article
- Diagnostic Utility of Canine C-Reactive Protein, Haptoglobin, and 25-Hydroxyvitamin-D in Dogs with Nasal Cavity Disease.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Dietary patterns and micronutrients in respiratory infections including COVID-19: a narrative review.BMC public health · 2024Review
- Is There any Association between Vitamin D Deficiency and Recurrent Tonsillopharyngitis? An Updated Systematic Review.Maedica · 2024Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundVitamin D may be important for immune function. Studies to date have shown an inconsistent association between vitamin D and infection with respiratory viruses. The purpose of this study was to determine if serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was associated with laboratory-confirmed viral respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in children.
methodsSerum 25(OH)D levels were measured at baseline and children from Canadian Hutterite communities were followed prospectively during the respiratory virus season. Nasopharyngeal specimens were obtained if symptoms developed and infections were confirmed using polymerase chain reaction. The association between serum 25(OH)D and time to laboratory-confirmed viral RTI was evaluated using a Cox proportional hazards model.
resultsSeven hundred forty-three children aged 3-15 years were followed between 22 December 2008 and 23 June 2009. The median serum 25(OH)D level was 62.0 nmol/L (interquartile range, 51.0-74.0). A total of 229 participants (31%) developed at least 1 laboratory-confirmed viral RTI. Younger age and lower serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with increased risk of viral RTI. Serum 25(OH)D levels <75 nmol/L increased the risk of viral RTI by 50% (hazard ratio [HR], 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-2.07, P = .011) and levels <50 nmol/L increased the risk by 70% (HR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.16-2.40, P = .006).
conclusionsLower serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with increased risk of laboratory-confirmed viral RTI in children from Canadian Hutterite communities. Interventional studies evaluating the role of vitamin D supplementation to reduce the burden of viral RTIs are warranted.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.