ReviewSexually transmitted diseases2013
Biological markers of sexual activity: tools for improving measurement in HIV/sexually transmitted infection prevention research.
Review in Sexually transmitted diseases, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions aiming to improve menstrual, sexual, reproductive, and mental health among out-of-school girls: a systematic review.Frontiers in public health · 2024Pooled it
- Behavioral interventions for improving dual-method contraceptive use.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014Pooled it
- Behavioral interventions for improving condom use for dual protection.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2013Pooled it
- Effectiveness of erectogenic condom against semen exposure among women in Vietnam: Randomized controlled trial.PloS one · 2022Trial
- Assessing the Reliability of Self-Reported Sexual Behavior Among Male Couples.Archives of sexual behavior · 2021Trial
- The Effect of HIV Self-Testing Delivery Models on Female Sex Workers' Sexual Behaviors: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Urban Uganda.AIDS and behavior · 2019Trial
- Suubi4Her: a study protocol to examine the impact and cost associated with a combination intervention to prevent HIV risk behavior and improve mental health functioning among adolescent girls in Uganda.BMC public health · 2018Trial
- Using biomarkers to assess the validity of sexual behavior reporting across interview modes among young women in Kampala, Uganda.Studies in family planning · 2014Trial
- Measurement and interpretation of the Harare HIV combination prevention cascade in priority populations: a population survey of adolescent girls and young women and young men in Zimbabwe.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- A Prospective Study of Depressive Symptoms, Condomless Sex, and HIV Viral Load in HIV-Positive Female Sex Workers in Kenya.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- The Value of Assessing Self-Reported and Biological Indicators of Outcomes in Evaluating HIV Programs.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2021Review
- Recent Semen Exposure Impacts the Cytokine Response and Bacterial Vaginosis in Women.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- PrEP Use Among Female Sex Workers: No Evidence for Risk Compensation.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Observational
- Daily Vaginal Swabs and Mobile Phone Sex Report for Assessing HIV Virion Exposure Prospectively Among a Cohort of Young Sexually Active Women in South Africa (HVTN 915).Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Article
- Does Incident Circumcision Lead to Risk Compensation? Evidence From a Population Cohort in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Article
- Randomized trial to evaluate contraceptive efficacy, safety and acceptability of a two-rod contraceptive implant over 4 years in the Dominican Republic.Contraception: X · 2019Article
- Alcohol Use and Unprotected Sex Among HIV-Infected Ugandan Adults: Findings from an Event-Level Study.Archives of sexual behavior · 2018Article
- Y Chromosome DNA in Women's Vaginal Samples as a Biomarker of Recent Vaginal Sex and Condom Use With Male Partners in the HPV Infection and Transmission Among Couples Through Heterosexual Activity Cohort Study.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2018Observational
- Sexual Relationship Power and Semen Exposure Among Female Patients at a Sexually Transmitted Infection Clinic in Kingston, Jamaica.Archives of sexual behavior · 2017Article
- Sources of racial disparities in HIV prevalence in men who have sex with men in Atlanta, GA, USA: a modelling study.The lancet. HIV · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Research on interventions to prevent HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is heavily influenced by participant reporting of sexual behavior, despite uncertainty about its validity. Exclusive reliance on participant self-report often is based, overtly or by implication, on 4 assumptions: (1) no feasible alternatives exist; (2) misreporting can be minimized to levels that can be disregarded; (3) misreporting tends to underreport sensitive behaviors; and (4) misreporting tends to be nondifferential with respect to the groups being compared. The objective of this review are to evaluate these assumptions, including a review of studies using semen biomarkers to evaluate the validity of self-reported data, and to make recommendations for applying biological markers of semen exposure detectable in women to further strengthen research on HIV/STI prevention. Increasing evidence shows that semen biomarkers provide an important means of assessing and augmenting the validity of studies on HIV/STI prevention. Additional biomarkers are needed to assess male exposure to vaginal sex and both male and female exposure to anal sex. Methods and study designs that incorporate biomarkers into studies collecting self-reported behavioral data should be considered where possible.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.