ArticleJournal of the Royal Society, Interface2013
Directed evolution of bacteriorhodopsin for applications in bioelectronics.
Article in Journal of the Royal Society, Interface, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed.
- CryoRhodopsins: A comprehensive characterization of a group of microbial rhodopsins from cold environments.Science advances · 2025Article
- Article
- Bacteriorhodopsin of purple membrane reverses anisotropy outside the pH range of proton pumping based on logic gate realization.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Comparative genomics of the highly halophilic Haloferacaceae.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Light Color-Controlled pH-Adjustment of Aqueous Solutions Using Engineered Proteoliposomes.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Photosynthetic Protein-Based Retinal Ganglion Cell Receptive Fields for Detecting Edges and Brightness Illusions.Nano letters · 2023Article
- Article
- Archaea Carotenoids: Natural Pigments with Unexplored Innovative Potential.Marine drugs · 2022Review
- Rhodopsins: An Excitingly Versatile Protein Species for Research, Development and Creative Engineering.Frontiers in chemistry · 2022Review
- Activation of retinal ganglion cells using a biomimetic artificial retina.Journal of neural engineering · 2021Article
- Optical Switching Between Long-lived States of Opsin Transmembrane Voltage Sensors.Photochemistry and photobiology · 2021Article
- Robust Photoelectric Biomolecular Switch at a Microcavity-Supported Lipid Bilayer.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2021Article
- Nanobioconjugates for Signal Amplification in Electrochemical Biosensing.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Engineering and Production of the Light-Driven Proton Pump Bacteriorhodopsin in 2D Crystals for Basic Research and Applied Technologies.Methods and protocols · 2020Article
- Molecular mechanism for thermal denaturation of thermophilic rhodopsin.Chemical science · 2019Article
- Redshifted and Near-infrared Active Analog Pigments Based upon Archaerhodopsin-3.Photochemistry and photobiology · 2019Article
- Nanoscale dipole dynamics of protein membranes studied by broadband dielectric microscopy.Nanoscale · 2019Article
- Improved production of bacteriorhodopsin from Halobacterium salinarum through direct amino acid supplement in the basal medium.Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions · 2019Article
- Versatile Protein-A Coated Photoelectric Immunosensors with a Purple-Membrane Monolayer Transducer Fabricated by Affinity-Immobilization on a Graphene-Oxide Complexed Linker and by Shear Flow.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
- Light-Driven Chloride Transport Kinetics of Halorhodopsin.Biophysical journal · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In nature, biological systems gradually evolve through complex, algorithmic processes involving mutation and differential selection. Evolution has optimized biological macromolecules for a variety of functions to provide a comparative advantage. However, nature does not optimize molecules for use in human-made devices, as it would gain no survival advantage in such cooperation. Recent advancements in genetic engineering, most notably directed evolution, have allowed for the stepwise manipulation of the properties of living organisms, promoting the expansion of protein-based devices in nanotechnology. In this review, we highlight the use of directed evolution to optimize photoactive proteins, with an emphasis on bacteriorhodopsin (BR), for device applications. BR, a highly stable light-activated proton pump, has shown great promise in three-dimensional optical memories, real-time holographic processors and artificial retinas.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.