ArticleMenopause (New York, N.Y.)2014
Effects of bazedoxifene, conjugated equine estrogens, and a tissue-selective estrogen complex containing both bazedoxifene and conjugated equine estrogens on cerebral artery atherosclerosis in postmenopausal monkeys.
Article in Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bazedoxifene activates the angiotensin II-induced HUVEC hypertension model by targeting SIRT1.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2022Article
- High Prevalence of Asymptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerosis in Elder Women With Tubal Ligation: Result From a Community-Based Study in Shandong, China.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Bazedoxifene Plays a Protective Role against Inflammatory Injury of Endothelial Cells by Targeting CD40.Cardiovascular therapeutics · 2020Article
- Systemic Iron Deficiency in a Nonhuman Primate Model of Endometriosis.Comparative medicine · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThis study aims to evaluate the effects of a new selective estrogen receptor modulator (bazedoxifene acetate [BZA]) and a tissue-specific estrogen complex (BZA combined with conjugated equine estrogens [CEE]) on the extent and severity of cerebral artery atherosclerosis.
methodsNinety-eight surgically postmenopausal monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were fed a moderately atherogenic diet and randomized to receive no treatment or women's equivalent doses of BZA (20 mg/d), CEE (0.45 mg/d), or BZA + CEE. After an experimental period of 20 months (approximately equivalent to 5 years of participant experience), the extent and severity of atherosclerosis in the common carotid artery, carotid bifurcation, internal carotid artery, and basilar artery were determined. Lesion severity was determined using the American Heart Association grading system (grades 0-V).
resultsBZA had no consistent adverse effects on the extent and severity of atherosclerosis in the cerebral arteries and did not attenuate the beneficial effects of CEE on the severity of common carotid artery atherosclerosis. Although CEE had only modest beneficial effects on the extent of carotid bifurcation atherosclerosis, the severity of lesions and the number of affected cases in the common carotid artery were reduced with CEE treatment. As reported previously, plasma lipid profiles did not differ among the treatment groups.
conclusionsIn this long-term (equivalent to 5 human patient-years) nonhuman primate trial, BZA shows no consistent adverse effect on cerebral artery atherosclerosis and does not attenuate the modest beneficial effect of CEE on the common carotid artery. Furthermore, CEE inhibits the development of complicated plaques in the common carotid artery.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.