Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23675763›Full record

ArticleACS chemical biology2013

An immunocytochemical-derived correlate for evaluating the bridging of heteromeric mu-delta opioid protomers by bivalent ligands.

Ajay S Yekkirala, Alexander E Kalyuzhny, Philip S Portoghese

Open access · greenAbstract readLetter
In one paragraph

Article in ACS chemical biology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Opioid Analgesia and Opioid-Induced Adverse Effects: A Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Breaking barriers to novel analgesic drug development.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2017
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Ajay S YekkiralaDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Pharmacology, and §Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States.
Alexander E Kalyuzhny
Philip S Portoghese
University of Minnesota · US

Funding

Selective Opioid LigandsR01DA001533 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI PORTOGHESE, PHILIP S · 1985 to 2011
$3.0M
Ligands that target opioid-chemokine and opioid-mGlu5 heteromersR01DA030316 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI PORTOGHESE, PHILIP S · 2011 to 2015
$2.6M
NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA001533NIDA NIH HHS R01-DA01533NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA030316
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bivalent ligands that contain two pharmacophores linked by a spacer are promising tools to investigate the pharmacology of opioid receptor heteromers. Evidence for occupation of neighboring protomers by two phamacophores of a single bivalent ligand (bridging) has relied mainly on pharmacological data. In the present study, we have employed an immunocytochemical correlate to support in vivo biological studies that are consistent with bridging. We show that a bivalent mu agonist/delta antagonist (MDAN-21) that is devoid of tolerance due to possible bridging of mu and delta protomers prevents endocytosis of the heteromeric receptors in HEK-293 cells. Conversely, a bivalent ligand (MDAN-16) with a short spacer or monovalent mu agonist give rise to robust internalization. The data suggest that the immobilization of proximal mu and delta protomers is due to bridging by MDAN-21. The finding that MDAN-21 and its shorter spacer homologue MDAN-16 possess equivalent activity in HEK-293 cells, but produce dramatically divergent internalization of mu-delta heteromer, is relevant to the role of internalization and tolerance.

Indexed as

HEK293 CellsHumansImmobilized Nucleic AcidsImmunohistochemistryLigandsMicroscopy, ConfocalModels, BiologicalNaltrexonePromoter Regions, GeneticReceptors, Opioid, deltaReceptors, Opioid, muImmobilized Nucleic AcidsLigandsNaltrexonenaltrindoleReceptors, Opioid, deltaReceptors, Opioid, mu

Identifiers

PMID23675763
PMCPMC5060010
OpenAlexW2005963849

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.