ArticleMolecular plant pathology2013
HrpE3 is a type III effector protein required for full virulence of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola in rice.
Article in Molecular plant pathology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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8 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Xanthomonas Type III Effector XopN Targets Scaffold Protein OsRACK1B to Suppress Rice Immunity.Molecular plant pathology · 2026Article
- Functional validation of putative PIP-box promoters of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri using GFP as a reporter.Molecular biology reports · 2025Article
- EssentialInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- A bacterial kinase phosphorylates OSK1 to suppress stomatal immunity in rice.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Identification of a virulence tal gene in the cotton pathogen, Xanthomonas citri pv. malvacearum strain Xss-VBMC microbiology · 2020Article
- Involvement ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
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6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc) is the causal agent of bacterial leaf streak, a devastating disease in rice. Xoc uses a type III secretion (T3S) system, which is encoded by the hrp-hrc-hpa (hypersensitive response and pathogenicity, hrp-conserved and hrp-associated) genes, to inject repertoires of T3S effectors (T3Es) into plant cells. Many of the hrp-hrc-hpa genes have roles in pathogenesis, but the role of hrpE3, which shows homology to hpaE in X. campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv), is poorly understood. In this study, hrpE3 was shown to be transcribed independent of the hrpD operon, and its expression was dependent on a promoter within hpaB. The expression of hrpE3 was positively regulated by HrpG and HrpX, a finding probably caused by an imperfect plant-inducible promoter (PIP) box (TTCGT-N16 -TTCGA) in the hrpE3 promoter. The secretion of HrpE3 was dependent on T3S, and subcellular localization of HrpE3 was cytoplasmic and nuclear in plant cells. A mutation in hrpE3 reduced the virulence of Xoc by decreasing disease lesion length and bacterial growth in planta. Full virulence was restored to the mutant when Xoc hrpE3, but not Xcv hpaE, was expressed in trans. The differences in transcription, secretion via the T3S system and bacterial virulence in plants were attributed to N-terminal amino acid differences between Xoc HrpE3 and Xcv HpaE. Collectively, the results demonstrate that hrpE3 encodes a T3E protein which is delivered into the plant cell through the T3S system, localizes to the cytoplasm and nucleus, and is required for full virulence in rice.
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