ArticleWorld journal of radiology2013
Cross-sectional imaging work-up of adrenal masses.
Article in World journal of radiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Right adrenal metastasis from left apical non-small cell lung carcinoma with contiguous tumor thrombus extending through the inferior vena cava into the right atrium.Radiology case reports · 2026Article
- Clinical and Radiological Features of Atypical Adrenal Masses-A Multicenter Retrospective Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Automated Adrenal Gland Disease Classes Using Patch-Based Center Symmetric Local Binary Pattern Technique with CT Images.Journal of digital imaging · 2023Article
- Pitfalls and differential diagnosis on adrenal lesions: current concepts in CT/MR imaging: a narrative review.Gland surgery · 2020Review
- An exceptional group of non-small cell lung cancer difficult to diagnose: Evaluation of lipid-poor adrenal lesions.Bosnian journal of basic medical sciences · 2019Article
- Bilateral adrenal haemorrhages: a crucial incidental finding.BJR case reports · 2017Article
- Integrated Imaging Characterization of Adrenal Adenoma: False-Positive Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) Findings of Adrenal Scintigraphy.Polish journal of radiology · 2017Article
- Differentiation between adrenal adenomas and nonadenomas using dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography.OncoTargets and therapy · 2016Article
- Review
- Oncological imaging of the abdomen and pelvis: Spectrum of trends and advances.World journal of radiology · 2013Article
- Imaging techniques in the characterization of adrenal lesions.Radiologia brasileiraArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Advances in medical imaging with current cross-section modalities enable non-invasive characterization of adrenal lesions. Computed tomography (CT) provides characterization with its non-contrast and wash-out features. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is helpful in further characterization using chemical shift imaging (CSI) and MR spectroscopy. For differentiating between benign and malignant masses, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is useful with its qualitative analysis, as well as its ability to detect the presence of extra-adrenal metastases in cancer patients. The work-up for an indeterminate adrenal mass includes evaluation with a non-contrast CT. If a lesion is less than 10 Hounsfield Units on a non-contrast CT, it is a benign lipid-rich adenoma and no further work-up is required. For the indeterminate adrenal masses, a lipid-poor adenoma can be differentiated from a metastasis utilizing CT wash-out features. Also, MRI is beneficial with CSI and MR spectroscopy. If a mass remains indeterminate, PET imaging may be of use, in which benign lesions demonstrate low or no fluorodeoxyglucose activity. In the few cases in which adrenal lesions remain indeterminate, surgical sampling such as percutaneous biopsy can be performed.
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