ArticleArchives of medical science : AMS2013
Adenovirus-mediated RAR-β over-expression enhances ATRA-induced neuronal differentiation of rat mesenchymal stem cells.
Article in Archives of medical science : AMS, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe retinoic acid (RA) signaling pathway plays important roles in neural development. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) activates the RA signal by regulating RAR-β in mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived neuron cells. Here, we try to investigate whether RAR-β over-expression can affect neuronal differentiation of MSCs. MATERIAL AND
methodsThe RAR-β gene was constructed into adenovirus Ad-RAR-β by using the AdEasy system. The MSCs were infected with Ad-RAR-β. Real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot and immunofluorescence were performed to detect the expression and localization of RAR-β. The MSCs were treated with 1 µmol/l ATRA and modified neuronal induction medium (MNM). Soma size and axon length of induced neurons were measured. Neural specific markers were detected by RT-PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence to evaluate neuronal differentiation.
resultsThe 1300 bp fragment of RAR-β gene was confirmed to be correctly cloned in the adenovirus vector. Cloudiness amplification of Ad-RAR-β was observed in HEK293 cells during package. After 48 h of Ad-RAR-β infection, about 70% of MSCs were RFP-positive. RAR-β expression was increased by about 1988-fold and located in the nucleus. RAR-β over-expression did not affect neuronal differentiation efficiency; however, soma size of induced neuron cells enlarged from 716.25 ±95.96 µm(2) to 1160.12 ±352.65 µm(2) and axon length from 64.17 ±11.88 µm to 83.98 ±13.69 µm. Neural markers other than nestin - NSE, MAP-2, Tau, and Tuj1 - were increased by 4- to 11-fold in RAR-β over-expressed neuron cells with ATRA/MNM induction compared with the Ad-null control group.
conclusionsOur results have demonstrated that adenovirus-mediated RAR-β over-expression could facilitate neuron cell types of MSCs in vitro, indicating that the RAR-β-activated RA signal might be a vital factor in neuronal differentiation.
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