ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2013
Murine leukemia virus glycosylated Gag blocks apolipoprotein B editing complex 3 and cytosolic sensor access to the reverse transcription complex.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers.
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Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- A naturally occurring feline leukaemia virus subgroup A variant exhibits broad mammalian cellular tropism and utilizes canine thiamine transporter 1.The Journal of general virology · 2026Article
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- A Viral Protein Antagonist for Both AID and APOBEC3.Viruses · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of APOBEC3 Packaging into HIV-1.Viruses · 2026Review
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- Translation of unspliced retroviral genomic RNA in the host cell is regulated in both space and time.The Journal of cell biology · 2025Article
- DHX15 inhibits mouse APOBEC3 deamination.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Apobec-mediated retroviral hypermutation in vivo is dependent on mouse strain.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- IFI207, a young and fast-evolving protein, controls retroviral replication via the STING pathway.mBio · 2024Article
- MARCH2, a T cell specific factor that restricts HIV-1 infection.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Murine leukemia virus infection of non-dividing dendritic cells is dependent on nucleoporins.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Murine leukemia virus (MLV) P50 protein induces cell transformation via transcriptional regulatory function.Retrovirology · 2023Article
- Transient and tunable CRISPRa regulation of APOBEC/AID genes for targeting hepatitis B virus.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2023Article
- The Involvement of Ubiquitination and SUMOylation in Retroviruses Infection and Latency.Viruses · 2023Review
- Host-mediated RNA editing in viruses.Biology direct · 2023Review
- SARS-CoV-2 ORF7a potently inhibits the antiviral effect of the host factor SERINC5.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Retroviral RNA Processing.Viruses · 2022Review
- Repair of APOBEC3G-Mutated Retroviral DNAJournal of virology · 2021Article
- Signal-regulatory protein alpha is an anti-viral entry factor targeting viruses using endocytic pathways.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Pathogenic retroviruses have evolved multiple means for evading host restriction factors such as apolipoprotein B editing complex (APOBEC3) proteins. Here, we show that murine leukemia virus (MLV) has a unique means of counteracting APOBEC3 and other cytosolic sensors of viral nucleic acid. Using virus isolated from infected WT and APOBEC3 KO mice, we demonstrate that the MLV glycosylated Gag protein (glyco-Gag) enhances viral core stability. Moreover, in vitro endogenous reverse transcription reactions of the glyco-Gag mutant virus were substantially inhibited compared with WT virus, but only in the presence of APOBEC3. Thus, glyco-Gag rendered the reverse transcription complex in the viral core resistant to APOBEC3. Glyco-Gag in the virion also rendered MLV resistant to other cytosolic sensors of viral reverse transcription products in newly infected cells. Strikingly, glyco-Gag mutant virus reverted to glyco-Gag-containing virus only in WT and not APOBEC3 KO mice, indicating that counteracting APOBEC3 is the major function of glyco-Gag. Thus, in contrast to the HIV viral infectivity factor protein, which prevents APOBEC3 packaging in the virion, the MLV glyco-Gag protein uses a unique mechanism to counteract the antiviral action of APOBEC3 in vivo--namely, protecting the reverse transcription complex in viral cores from APOBEC3. These data suggest that capsid integrity may play a critical role in virus resistance to intrinsic cellular antiviral resistance factors that act at the early stages of infection.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.