ArticleJournal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract2013
Changes of T cells and cytokines TGF-β1 and IL-10 in mice during liver metastasis of colon carcinoma: implications for liver anti-tumor immunity.
Article in Journal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Emerging nano-immunotherapeutic strategies achieve metastatic colorectal cancer precision therapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- The predictive value of NLR and PLR for TACE prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2026Review
- Role of Gut Microbiota in Predisposition to Colon Cancer: A Narrative Review.Indian journal of microbiology · 2024Review
- Locoregional therapies combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors for liver metastases.Cancer cell international · 2024Review
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- Treatment outcome analysis of bevacizumab combined with cyclophosphamide and oxaliplatin in advanced pseudomyxoma peritonei.World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2023Article
- Multi-Omics Analysis of the Tumor Microenvironment in Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer Identified FJX1 as a Novel Biomarker.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Structure Characterization, Immunological Activity, and Mechanism of a Polysaccharide From the Rhizome ofFrontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- IL-10 Signaling in the Tumor Microenvironment of Ovarian Cancer.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2021Review
- TGF-β signaling in liver metastasis.Clinical and translational medicine · 2020Review
- Increase in CD4Oncology letters · 2020Article
- Neuropilin1 Expression Acts as a Prognostic Marker in Stomach Adenocarcinoma by Predicting the Infiltration of Treg Cells and M2 Macrophages.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- The role of mouse models in colorectal cancer research-The need and the importance of the orthotopic models.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2020Review
- Antitumor immunity of low-dose cyclophosphamide: changes in T cells and cytokines TGF-beta and IL-10 in mice with colon-cancer liver metastasis.Gastroenterology report · 2020Article
- Clostridium butyricum Modulates the Microbiome to Protect Intestinal Barrier Function in Mice with Antibiotic-Induced Dysbiosis.iScience · 2020Article
- Article
- A key role of GARP in the immune suppressive tumor microenvironment.Oncotarget · 2016Article
- Host kinin B1 receptor plays a protective role against melanoma progression.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Tumour Microenvironment: Overview with an Emphasis on the Colorectal Liver Metastasis Pathway.Cancer microenvironment : official journal of the International Cancer Microenvironment Society · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe local and systemic regulation of the immune system may play important roles in the process of liver metastasis of colorectal carcinoma. The aim of this study was to establish a reproducible experimental liver metastasis model, to identify changes in T cells and cytokines TGF-β1 and IL-10, and to explore a possible mechanism of liver metastasis of colon carcinoma.
methodsWe used a colon carcinoma liver metastasis model, in which different numbers of CT-26 murine colon carcinoma cells (1 × 10(3), 5 × 10(3), 1 × 10(4), 5 × 10(4), and 1 × 10(5)) were injected into the spleen. The liver and spleen tissues were examined for T cell markers using flow cytometry. Liver tissues were analyzed for IL-10 and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) expression using immunohistochemistry.
resultsSpleen injection of colon carcinoma cells is a reproducible animal model for liver metastases, which resulted in quantity-dependent metastatic growth. We provided a snapshot of the hepatic immune microenvironment in the mouse liver metastasis model. Injection of A large number of tumor cells (5 × 10(4) and 1 × 10 (5) ) decreased anti-tumor cell counts, such as CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, and increased immune-suppressive cell counts (CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells). In addition, the expression levels of immunosuppressive cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β1 were also increased with the number of tumor cells.
conclusionsChanges in the systemic and local immunological environment contribute to immunological escape mechanisms during liver metastasis of colon carcinoma, and therapies aiming at immune microenvironment may prove a useful strategy in the treatment of metastatic disease in the future.
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