ArticleBMC immunology2013
Expression of Toll-like receptors 2 and 9 in cells of dog jejunum and colon naturally infected with Leishmania infantum.
Article in BMC immunology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Investigating associations between intestinal alterations and parasite load according to Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. abundance in the gut microbiota of hamsters infected by Leishmania infantum.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2020Article
- Toll-like receptors 2, 4 and 7, interferon-gamma and interleukin 10, and programmed death ligand 1 transcripts in skin from dogs of different clinical stages of leishmaniosis.Parasites & vectors · 2019Article
- Parasite Specific Antibody Levels, Interferon-γ and TLR2 and TLR4 Transcripts in Blood from Dogs with Different Clinical Stages of Leishmaniosis.Veterinary sciences · 2018Article
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- Insights on adaptive and innate immunity in canine leishmaniosis.Parasitology · 2017Article
- Immunohistochemical study of hepatic fibropoiesis associated with canine visceral leishmaniasis.International journal of experimental pathology · 2016Article
- Glycol methacrylate embedding for the histochemical study of the gastrointestinal tract of dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum.European journal of histochemistry : EJH · 2015Article
- Article
- Expression of regulatory T cells in jejunum, colon, and cervical and mesenteric lymph nodes of dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum.Infection and immunity · 2014Article
- Non-synonymous genetic variation in exonic regions of canine Toll-like receptors.Canine genetics and epidemiology · 2014Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInfection with parasite protozoa is a long-term health issue in tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world. The Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway is one of the first-responding defense systems against Leishmania. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of TLR2 and TLR9 in jejunum and colon and its correlation with CD11c, CD11b, and CD14 receptors used as markers for dendritic cells and macrophages.
methodsTwenty four dogs infected with Leishmania infantum were used in this study. Cytometry was carried out in lamina propria cells from jejunum and colon using markers for TLR2, TLR9, CD11b, CD11c and CD14.
resultsCellular inflammatory exudate was diffuse in the mucosa and submucosa, predominately comprising mononuclear cells: plasma cells, macrophages, and lymphocytes. Despite the parasite load, microscopy showed no erosion was evident in the epithelial mucosa layers. The colon harbored more parasites than the jejunum. Flow cytometry revealed higher frequency of TLR2+ and CD11c+ dendritic cells in the colon than in the jejunum. Conversely, TLR9-expressing cells were more frequent in jejunum. Moreover, frequency of macrophages (CD11b+ and CD14+) expressing simultaneity TLR9 were lower in the colon than in jejunum, while CD11c+ cells predominated in the colon. Despite of the negative ELISA serum results, IL-10 and TNF-α were higher in jejunum than colon of infected animals. However, IL-4 was higher in colon than jejunum of infected animals. A higher expression these cytokines were demonstrated in infected dogs compared to uninfected dogs.
conclusionsThere was no correlation between clinical signs and pathological changes and immunological and parasitological findings in the gastrointestinal tract in canine visceral leishmaniasis. However, jejunum showed a lower parasite load with increased frequency and expression of CD11b, TLR9, CD14/CD11b/TLR9 receptors and IL-10 and TNF-α cytokines. Conversely, the colon showed a higher parasite load along with increased frequency and expression of TLR2, CD11c receptors, and IL-4 cytokine. Thus, Leishmania infantum is able to interfere in jejunum increased expression of TLR2, TLR9, CD11b, CD14, CD14/CD11b/TLR9 receptors, IL-10, and TNF-α; and in colon increased expression of CD11c, TLR2, TLR9, CD11b, CD14 e, CD14/CD11b/TLR9 receptors, IL-10, and TNF-α.
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