ArticlePloS one2013
Intratracheal IL-6 protects against lung inflammation in direct, but not indirect, causes of acute lung injury in mice.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Acute kidney injury triggers hypoxemia by lung intravascular neutrophil retention that reduces capillary blood flow.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
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- Interorgan communication networks in the kidney-lung axis.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2024Review
- Organ Crosstalk in Acute Kidney Injury: Evidence and Mechanisms.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- IL-27 Enhances γδ T Cell-Mediated Innate Resistance to Primary Hookworm Infection in the Lungs.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Article
- Acute Kidney Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.Critical care clinics · 2021Review
- Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuate dialysis-induced peritoneal fibrosis by modulating macrophage polarization via interleukin-6.Stem cell research & therapy · 2021Article
- The performance of the alarmin HMGB1 in pediatric diseases: From lab to clinic.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2021Review
- Initial In Vivo Evaluation of a Novel Amikacin-Deoxycholate Hydrophobic Salt Delivers New Insights on Amikacin Partition in Blood and Tissues.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Phenotypes, Lung Microbiota and Cytokine Responses in Pneumonia After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.Journal of inflammation research · 2021Article
- Two to Tango: Kidney-Lung Interaction in Acute Kidney Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Review
- Efficacy comparison of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation with continuous nasal positive airway pressure in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome treatment.American journal of translational research · 2021Article
- KScientific reports · 2020Article
- Dual Effect of Soloxolone Methyl on LPS-Induced Inflammation In Vitro and In Vivo.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- The Role of Cytokines including Interleukin-6 in COVID-19 induced Pneumonia and Macrophage Activation Syndrome-Like Disease.Autoimmunity reviews · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionSerum and bronchoalveolar fluid IL-6 are increased in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and predict prolonged mechanical ventilation and poor outcomes, although the role of intra-alveolar IL-6 in indirect lung injury is unknown. We investigated the role of endogenous and exogenous intra-alveolar IL-6 in AKI-mediated lung injury (indirect lung injury), intraperitoneal (IP) endotoxin administration (indirect lung injury) and, for comparison, intratracheal (IT) endotoxin administration (direct lung injury) with the hypothesis that IL-6 would exert a pro-inflammatory effect in these causes of acute lung inflammation.
methodsBronchoalveolar cytokines (IL-6, CXCL1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10), BAL fluid neutrophils, lung inflammation (lung cytokines, MPO activity [a biochemical marker of neutrophil infiltration]), and serum cytokines were determined in adult male C57Bl/6 mice with no intervention or 4 hours after ischemic AKI (22 minutes of renal pedicle clamping), IP endotoxin (10 µg), or IT endotoxin (80 µg) with and without intratracheal (IT) IL-6 (25 ng or 200 ng) treatment.
resultsLung inflammation was similar after AKI, IP endotoxin, and IT endotoxin. BAL fluid IL-6 was markedly increased after IT endotoxin, and not increased after AKI or IP endotoxin. Unexpectedly, IT IL-6 exerted an anti-inflammatory effect in healthy mice characterized by reduced BAL fluid cytokines. IT IL-6 also exerted an anti-inflammatory effect in IT endotoxin characterized by reduced BAL fluid cytokines and lung inflammation; IT IL-6 had no effect on lung inflammation in AKI or IP endotoxin.
conclusionIL-6 exerts an anti-inflammatory effect in direct lung injury from IT endotoxin, yet has no role in the pathogenesis or treatment of indirect lung injury from AKI or IP endotoxin. Since intra-alveolar inflammation is important in the pathogenesis of direct, but not indirect, causes of lung inflammation, IT anti-inflammatory treatments may have a role in direct, but not indirect, causes of ARDS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.