ArticleVector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.)2013
Leptospirosis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection among febrile inpatients in northern Tanzania.
Article in Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiology of Leptospirosis in HIV uninfected and in people living with HIV from the Southern African Development Community.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Pooled it
- Epidemiology of leptospirosis in Tanzania: A review of the current status, serogroup diversity and reservoirs.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Pooled it
- A Cross Sectional Study on the Bidirectional Interactions Between Leptospirosis and HIV Infection Among Patients from Maputo Central Hospital, Mozambique.Research and reports in tropical medicine · 2024Article
- Weil's Disease in an HIV-Infected Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Weil's Disease in an HIV-Infected Patient.Cureus · 2021Article
- Risk factors for leptospirosis and brucellosis in people living with human immunodeficiency virus who attended a referral hospital in southeastern Brazil.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2021Article
- Analysing livestock network data for infectious disease control: an argument for routine data collection in emerging economies.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2019Article
- Health Beliefs and Patient Perspectives of Febrile Illness in Kilombero, Tanzania.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2019Article
- Etiology of Sepsis in Uganda Using a Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction-based TaqMan Array Card.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Article
- Risk factors for leptospirosis seropositivity in slaughterhouse workers in western Kenya.Occupational and environmental medicine · 2017Article
- Management of infections in critically ill returning travellers in the intensive care unit-II: clinical syndromes and special considerations in immunocompromised patients.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2016Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLeptospirosis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are prevalent in many areas, including northern Tanzania, yet little is known about their interaction.
methodsWe enrolled febrile inpatients at two hospitals in Moshi, Tanzania, over 1 year and performed HIV antibody testing and the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for leptospirosis. Confirmed leptospirosis was defined as ≥ four-fold rise in MAT titer between acute and convalescent serum samples, and probable leptospirosis was defined as any reciprocal MAT titer ≥ 800.
resultsConfirmed or probable leptospirosis was found in 70 (8.4%) of 831 participants with at least one serum sample tested. At total of 823 (99.0%) of 831 participants had HIV testing performed, and 203 (24.7%) were HIV infected. Among HIV-infected participants, 9 (4.4%) of 203 had confirmed or probable leptospirosis, whereas among HIV-uninfected participants 61 (9.8%) of 620 had leptospirosis. Leptospirosis was less prevalent among HIV-infected as compared to HIV-uninfected participants [odds ratio (OR) 0.43, p=0.019]. Among those with leptospirosis, HIV-infected patients more commonly presented with features of severe sepsis syndrome than HIV-uninfected patients, but differences were not statistically significant. Among HIV-infected patients, severe immunosuppression was not significantly different between those with and without leptospirosis (p=0.476). Among HIV-infected adolescents and adults, median CD4 percent and median CD4 count were higher among those with leptospirosis as compared to those with other etiologies of febrile illness, but differences in CD4 count did not reach statistical significance (p=0.015 and p=0.089, respectively).
conclusionsAmong febrile inpatients in northern Tanzania, leptospirosis was not more prevalent among HIV-infected patients. Although some indicators of leptospirosis severity were more common among HIV-infected patients, a statistically significant difference was not demonstrated. Among HIV-infected patients, those with leptospirosis were not more immunosuppressed relative to those with other etiologies of febrile illness.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.