ArticlePLoS pathogens2013
An extracellular siderophore is required to maintain the mutualistic interaction of Epichloë festucae with Lolium perenne.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Proteomic and Secretomic Response of an AfricanJournal of proteome research · 2026Article
- The Compatibility of theJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Rhizophagus irregularis permease RiFTR1 functions without a ferroxidase partner for reductive iron transport.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Genomic Sequencing and Functional Analysis of the Ex-Type Strain ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Exploring the comparative genome of rice pathogenFrontiers in plant science · 2024Article
- Siderophore-synthesizing NRPS reprogram lipid metabolic profiles for phenotype and function changes of Arthrobotrys oligospora.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2023Article
- High-affinity iron uptake is required for optimal Epichloë festucae colonization of Lolium perenne and seed transmission.Molecular plant pathology · 2023Article
- Fungal siderophore metabolism with a focus on Aspergillus fumigatus: impact on biotic interactions and potential translational applications.Essays in biochemistry · 2023Article
- Knowledge-guided data mining on the standardized architecture of NRPS: Subtypes, novel motifs, and sequence entanglements.PLoS computational biology · 2023Article
- Nonribosomal peptide synthetase gene clusters and characteristics of predicted NRPS-dependent siderophore synthetases in Armillaria and other species in the Physalacriaceae.Current genetics · 2023Article
- Identification of Genetic Diversity, Pyrrocidine-Producing Strains and Transmission Modes of EndophyticMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Secondary Metabolite Variation and Bioactivities of Two MarineAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Cross-species transcriptomics identifies core regulatory changes differentiating the asymptomatic asexual and virulent sexual life cycles of grass-symbiotic Epichloë fungi.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Article
- Dissection of the epoxyjanthitrem pathway inFrontiers in fungal biology · 2022Article
- Global Changes in AsexualMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- Review
- Fungal Endophyte Colonization Patterns Alter Over Time in the Novel Association BetweenFrontiers in plant science · 2020Article
- VelA and LaeA are Key Regulators ofMicroorganisms · 2019Article
- The Effect of Hydroxamic Siderophores Structure on Acetylation of Histone H3 and Alpha Tubulin inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
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9 authors.
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Abstract
We have identified from the mutualistic grass endophyte Epichloë festucae a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase gene (sidN) encoding a siderophore synthetase. The enzymatic product of SidN is shown to be a novel extracellular siderophore designated as epichloënin A, related to ferrirubin from the ferrichrome family. Targeted gene disruption of sidN eliminated biosynthesis of epichloënin A in vitro and in planta. During iron-depleted axenic growth, ΔsidN mutants accumulated the pathway intermediate N(5)-trans-anhydromevalonyl-N(5)-hydroxyornithine (trans-AMHO), displayed sensitivity to oxidative stress and showed deficiencies in both polarized hyphal growth and sporulation. Infection of Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) with ΔsidN mutants resulted in perturbations of the endophyte-grass symbioses. Deviations from the characteristic tightly regulated synchronous growth of the fungus with its plant partner were observed and infected plants were stunted. Analysis of these plants by light and transmission electron microscopy revealed abnormalities in the distribution and localization of ΔsidN mutant hyphae as well as deformities in hyphal ultrastructure. We hypothesize that lack of epichloënin A alters iron homeostasis of the symbiotum, changing it from mutually beneficial to antagonistic. Iron itself or epichloënin A may serve as an important molecular/cellular signal for controlling fungal growth and hence the symbiotic interaction.
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