ArticleSao Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina2013
Prevalence of urinary incontinence and pelvic floor muscle dysfunction in primiparae two years after cesarean section: cross-sectional study.
Article in Sao Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Are there differences in short-term pelvic floor muscle function after cesarean section or vaginal delivery in primiparous women? A systematic review with meta-analysis.International urogynecology journal · 2020Pooled it
- Association between the triglyceride-glucose index and its correlation indices and stress urinary incontinence in American adult women: a population-based cross-sectional study.Przeglad menopauzalny = Menopause review · 2026Article
- The relationship of neurotrophin levels with stress-induced urinary incontinence in multiparous premenopausal women.Qatar medical journal · 2025Article
- Effect of gestational weight gain on postpartum pelvic floor function in twin primiparas: a single-center retrospective study in China.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- Risk factors of pelvic floor muscle strength in south Chinese women: a retrospective study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Article
- Gestational diabetes is associated with alteration on pelvic floor muscle activation pattern during pregnancy and postpartum: Prospective cohort using electromyography assessment.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- The effect of parity on the function of pelvic floor musculature in the long term: cross-sectional study.Obstetrics & gynecology science · 2020Article
- Urinary incontinence between 12 and 24 months postpartum: a cross-sectional study nested in a Brazilian cohort from two cities with different socioeconomic characteristics.International urogynecology journal · 2019Article
- Effect of different delivery modes on the short-term strength of the pelvic floor muscle in Chinese primipara.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2018Article
- The Prevalence, Subtypes and Obstetric Risk Factors of Urinary Incontinence in Reproductive Age Women Referred to Community Health Care Centers of Dezful, Iran- 2015.International journal of community based nursing and midwifery · 2017Article
- Effect of Breathing Technique of Blowing on the Extent of Damage to the Perineum at the Moment of Delivery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery researchArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
CONTEXT AND
objectiveThere is uncertainty in the literature regarding the theory that obstetric events and pelvic floor injuries give rise to lower risk of subsequent urinary incontinence among women delivering via cesarean section than among women delivering vaginally. The objective of this study was to assess the two-year postpartum prevalence of urinary incontinence and pelvic floor muscle dysfunction and the factors responsible for them. DESIGN AND
settingCross-sectional study, conducted in a public university.
methods220 women who had undergone elective cesarean section or vaginal childbirth two years earlier were selected. Their urinary incontinence symptoms were investigated, and their pelvic floor muscle dysfunction was assessed using digital palpation and a perineometer.
resultsThe two-year urinary incontinence prevalences following vaginal childbirth and cesarean section were 17% and 18.9%, respectively. The only risk factor for pelvic floor muscle dysfunction was weight gain during pregnancy. Body mass index less than 25 kg/m 2 and normal pelvic floor muscle function protected against urinary incontinence. Gestational urinary incontinence increased the risk of two-year postpartum urinary incontinence.
conclusionGestational urinary incontinence was a crucial precursor of postpartum urinary incontinence. Weight gain during pregnancy increased the subsequent risk of pelvic floor muscle dysfunction, and elective cesarean section did not prevent urinary incontinence.
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