ReviewJournal of translational medicine2013
Use of V(D)J recombination excision circles to identify T- and B-cell defects and to monitor the treatment in primary and acquired immunodeficiencies.
Review in Journal of translational medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06711354 (B-cell Depletion in Offspring to Women With MS and Rituximab Treatment Before or During Pregnancy), which is not on this map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
B-cell Depletion in Offspring to Women With MS and Rituximab Treatment Before or During Pregnancy
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- TREC Based Newborn Screening for Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical immunology · 2015Pooled it
- Genetic Determinants of T-Cell Homeostasis in Critical Illness: An Exploratory Analysis of Immune Gene Variants and TREC Dynamics.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Article
- TREC dynamics as a biomarker of naive T-cell homeostasis in traumatic brain injury: a longitudinal analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Case Report: Transient severe T cell lymphopenia in a patient with Cornelia de Lange Syndrome captured by TREC screening.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Absolute quantification of rare gene targets in limited samples using crude lysate and ddPCR.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Immunological biomarkers at birth and later risk of celiac disease.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Newborn Screening for Severe T and B Cell Lymphopenia Using TREC/KREC Detection: A Large-Scale Pilot Study of 202,908 Newborns.Journal of clinical immunology · 2024Article
- Article
- Importance of TREC and KREC as molecular markers for immunological evaluation of down syndrome children.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Chromosome 22q11.2 Deletion (DiGeorge Syndrome): Immunologic Features, Diagnosis, and Management.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2023Review
- Multiplex HDR for disease and correction modeling of SCID by CRISPR genome editing in human HSPCs.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2023Article
- A high-throughput newborn screening approach for SCID, SMA, and SCD combining multiplex qPCR and tandem mass spectrometry.PloS one · 2023Article
- Pneumonia and Related Conditions in Critically Ill Patients-Insights from Basic and Experimental Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Reconstitution of the immune system and clinical correlates after stem cell transplantation for systemic sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- T cell receptor excision circles are potential predictors of survival in adult allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients with acute myeloid leukemia.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Future Perspectives of Newborn Screening for Inborn Errors of Immunity.International journal of neonatal screening · 2021Review
- TREC/KREC levels in children with ataxia-telangiectasia.Immunologic research · 2021Article
- Characterization of Infants with Idiopathic Transient and Persistent T Cell Lymphopenia Identified by Newborn Screening-a Single-Center Experience in New York State.Journal of clinical immunology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) and kappa-deleting recombination excision circles (KRECs) are circular DNA segments generated in T and B cells during their maturation in the thymus and bone marrow. These circularized DNA elements persist in the cells, are unable to replicate, and are diluted as a result of cell division, thus are considered markers of new lymphocyte output. The quantification of TRECs and KRECs, which can be reliably performed using singleplex or duplex real-time quantitative PCR, provides novel information in the management of T- and B-cell immunity-related diseases. In primary immunodeficiencies, when combined with flow cytometric analysis of T- and B-cell subpopulations, the measure of TRECs and KRECs has contributed to an improved characterization of the diseases, to the identification of patients' subgroups, and to the monitoring of stem cell transplantation and enzyme replacement therapy. For the same diseases, the TREC and KREC assays, introduced in the newborn screening program, allow early disease identification and may lead to discovery of new genetic defects. TREC and KREC levels can also been used as a surrogate marker of lymphocyte output in acquired immunodeficiencies. The low number of TRECs, which has in fact been extensively documented in untreated HIV-infected subjects, has been shown to increase following antiretroviral therapy. Differently, KREC number, which is in the normal range in these patients, has been shown to decrease following long-lasting therapy. Whether changes of KREC levels have relevance in the biology and in the clinical aspects of primary and acquired immunodeficiencies remains to be firmly established.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.