ReviewCurrent opinion in rheumatology2013
Multiple sclerosis: autoimmunity and viruses.
Review in Current opinion in rheumatology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Up-to-date knowledge about the association between multiple sclerosis and the reactivation of human endogenous retrovirus infections.Journal of neurology · 2018Pooled it
- Article
- Large-scale antibody reactome profiling identifies herpesvirus-autoantigen associations underlying chronic diseases.Research square · 2026Article
- The relationship between HERVs and exogenous viral infections: A focus on the value of HERVs in disease prediction and treatment.Virulence · 2025Review
- Obesity Control and Supplementary Nutraceuticals as Cofactors of Brain Plasticity in Multiple Sclerosis Populations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Evolving understanding of autoimmune mechanisms and new therapeutic strategies of autoimmune disorders.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Understanding the link between neurotropic viruses, BBB permeability, and MS pathogenesis.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Review
- From Animal Models to Clinical Trials: The Potential of Antimicrobials in Multiple Sclerosis Treatment.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Molecular mimicry and autoimmunity in the time of COVID-19.Journal of autoimmunity · 2023Review
- The Role of Microorganisms in the Etiopathogenesis of Demyelinating Diseases.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Review
- Theiler's virus-induced demyelinating disease as an infectious model of progressive multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2022Review
- T-Cell Response against Varicella Zoster Virus in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis during Relapse and Remission.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Serum Peptide Immunoglobulin G Autoantibody Response in Patients with Different Central Nervous System Inflammatory Demyelinating Disorders.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Human Endogenous Retrovirus as Therapeutic Targets in Neurologic Disease.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Vaccine safety issues at the turn of the 21st century.BMJ global health · 2021Review
- Neurological Complications Associated with the Blood-Brain Barrier Damage Induced by the Inflammatory Response During SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Molecular neurobiology · 2021Review
- Infections and Multiple Sclerosis: From the World to Sardinia, From Sardinia to the World.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Neuroinvasion, neurotropic, and neuroinflammatory events of SARS-CoV-2: understanding the neurological manifestations in COVID-19 patients.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2020Review
- Viral infections and multiple sclerosis.Drug discovery today. Disease models · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewThis review will explore two new aspects of the involvement of viruses in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis. The first aspect is the complex interactions between viruses. The second aspect is the proposal of a mechanism by which autoreactive T cells are able to escape thymic selection and potentially recognize self and a pathogen. RECENT
findingsWith regard to viruses, recent work has demonstrated that one virus may enhance the replication of another virus, potentially leading to an increase in inflammation and disease progression. Also, interactions between human endogenous retroviruses, which likely do not replicate, and certain herpes viruses, may also play a role in disease pathogenesis. Mechanistically, T cells expressing dual T-cell receptors would be able to recognize self and a foreign antigen specifically. Therefore, human endogenous retroviruses potentially play a role in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis, and both interactions between multiple viruses and autoreactive CD8(+) T cells with dual T-cell receptors may play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. SUMMARY: The complex interactions between multiple viral infections, either within the central nervous system or in the periphery, and the host immune response to viral infection may be such that a variety of viral specificities result in the activation of T cells that recognize self and induce multiple sclerosis. Therefore, it is unlikely that any one microbe will be determined to be the causative agent of multiple sclerosis as reflected by the number of potential triggering mechanisms of the disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.